Keyes—The Guadalupan Series. 129 
decade ago, the opinion that faunally at least the so- 
called Permian strata of Kansas and of northwest Mis- 
sourl must be regarded as much older than the true Per- 
mian section of Russia and that in the Mississippi valley 
Permian deposition, with the possible exception of the 
-red-beds, was entirely wanting, my statements were se- 
verely criticised. I think, however, that the results of 
the recent investigations in the Guadalupe mountains 
more than substantiate the conclusions which I long ago 
reached. 
Summing up, it may be concluded :— 
(1) That the real discovery of true Permian equiva- 
lents in America must be ascribed to Dr. B. F. Shumard, 
who, by the way, took no part in the Kansas controversy. 
(2) That Late Carbonic time in America is a vastly 
more important period than has been generally hereto- 
fore supposed. 
(3) That the so-called Permian section below the Red- 
Beds of central Kansas belongs in reality to a Mid Car- 
bonic series and is not the homotaxial equivalent of the 
original Permian division. 
(4) That no part of our Missouri strata can be re- 
garded as belonging to the Late Carbonic or Permian 
period. 
Issued December 29, 1910. 
