Rir.EV HACKBERRY BUTTERFLIES. . 205 



if we really have to do with three instead of two species, then Ali- 

 cia Edw., so far as size is concerned, is but a redescription of celtis 

 Boisd., and the small form which occurs in the Middle and West- 

 ern States remains undescribed. The fact that Boisduval cites 

 his celtis from the Southern States, and that his description of 

 the larva does not at all correspond with mine, would indeed give 

 such a view a degree of plausibility ; but, for my own part, I 

 much prefer to believe that the difterences in the butterflies are 

 varietal, and that the discrepancies between the descriptions of 

 the larva may be accounted for on the strong probability that 

 Boisduval's description and figure of the larva are as untruthful 

 as those of the chrysalis. But all such questions must be left to 

 the future to decide; meanwhile Mr. Edwards's opinion is, in 

 one sense, as rightfully held as Mr. Scudder's or mine. 



Descriptive. 



Apatura Lycaox. Egg — Average diameter 0.03 inch. When first laid, 

 opaque white, becoming day by day more translucent. About and around 

 the crown are a few pale purplish specks and marks, which deepen until 

 they are sometimes black, and as the embryo develops its black head shows 

 plainly through the crown and the egg becomes slightly grayer. Shape 

 globular, the top flattened, the base still more so ; about as wide as deep, 

 averaging 0.025 inch either way, the depth most often exceeding. From 

 19-20 longitudinal, rather prominent ribs, and about twice as many verv 

 delicate transverse strife, the latter best seen on the empty shell, and both 

 ribs and stria; becoming obsolete on the crown. 



Attached not very firmly and always on the underside of a leaf, in batches 

 of from 1-12 (7, 7, 5, 7, 7, I, 4, 2, 3, 7, II, 12, observed). Egg period from 

 6-10 days. 



Larva — Newly hatched 0.075-0.08 inch long. Body cylindrical, tapering 

 very slightly behind, pale yellow, immaculate, with concolorous piliferous 

 dots giving rise to short pale hairs, 4 of these dots dorsally trapezoidal 

 and 3 lateral around each spiracle. Head twice as large as joint i, polished 

 black, slightly bi-lobed, with very minute pilose points and a few long hairs, 

 but no horns whatever. Anal horns pale just after hatching, becoming 

 dusky at tips, short, and terminating usually in three blunt, pilose lobes. 

 When two days old the dorsum flattens and the characteristics of the second 

 stage begin to show. In the second stage the color is green, the form less 

 •cylindrical, each joint with four tolerably distinct annulets and numerous 

 pilose papilla;. A straight subdorsal, longitudinal, yellow stripe connects 

 across dorsum on anterior annulet, and sometimes on second, leaving, in 

 consequence, a series of subquadrate dark-green dorsal spaces ; a supra- 

 stigmatal, undulate, paler and narrower line, and a substigmatal one straight 

 and of the same thickness. Anal horns less blunt at tip. Head broader 



