SEYFFARTH ON THE THEORY OF THE MOON'S MOTIONS. 42 1 



man inscriptions and coins have come to light which, not being 

 subjected to learned or unlearned alterations, are decisive in 

 fixing the years of Greek and Roman history. We specify the 

 following : 



The Fasti Capitolini. This catalogue of Roman consuls, going 

 down to Tiberius, originated from the Annales Maximi, the work 

 of the Capitolian annalists, who had, from the beginning of Ro- 

 man history down to Tiberius, recorded, day by da}', all remark- 

 able events of Roman history. This precious monument refutes 

 the usual Roman history and chronology in two principa^l points. 

 First, it demonstrates that Petavius shortened the period of the 

 Roman kings by one year, and authoritatively intruded a consular 

 vear in — 331, u.c. 421. The consuls L. Papirius Cursor with 

 C. Poetil. Libo II., whom Solinus (c. 40) mentions again five 

 years later, have never ruled, as the Fasti Capitolini, Livy, Dio- 

 dor, and Cassiador, bear witness. (See the author's "Berichtig- 

 ungen," p. 56). In the second place, Petavius shortened the ruling 

 time of Julius Caesar by one year ; the latter must have ruled six 

 years, and not five years. For the Fasti Capitolini bear witness 

 together with Livy that Caesar was dictator in the course of six 

 consecutive consular years ; and evenjosephus (Ant. xviii. 2, 2), 

 Cicero's letters of this time, Dio Cassius, and other authors, count 

 six years trom Caesar's crossing the Rubicon to his death. (See 

 the author's "Berichtigungen," p. 52.) 



The Ancyran Marble^ written by Augustus himself, evidences 

 that Cajsar died in — 41, and not in — 43; and that Augustus 

 died, not a.d. 14, but a.d. 16. For the Ara Albani, the nativity 

 of Augustus (p. 407), furnishes evidence that Augustus was born 

 in — 61. coss. Cicero and Antonius, whilst the former delivered 

 the fourth Catilinaria, and "Capricornus rose heliacally" (Sueton. 

 Aug. 94), consequently in February of — 61, especially, accord- 

 ing to the erratical lunar calendar of the Romans, ix. Kal. Oct. 

 Moreover, Cicero's consulate is fixed, as we have seen (p. 415), 

 by the capture of the Hebrew temple on Sept. 11 in — 61, a "Satur- 

 day." Now, according to the Ancyran Marble, Augustus himself 

 tells us that, subsequent to Caesar's assassination, he came from 

 Apollonia to Rome whilst he was 19 years and some months 

 old (annos undeviginti natus). Accordingly Caesar must have 

 died in — 41, and not in — 43 (61 — 20 z= — 41), and this date is 



