SEYFFARTH — ON THE THEORY OF THE MOON's MOTIONS. 477 



apparently the eclipse in —403, Feb. 23d, 6h. 30m. X3 9°E., i.e. 

 4° E. (p. 429). Agreeably to the present lunar theory, 3^ inches 

 only were obscured. Petavius computed, as was to be expected, 

 the eclipse in —405, April 15th, loh. local time ; but this eclipse 

 is irreconcilable with Xenophon, who refers that eclipse to the 

 first and not to the last months of ^spoc;, and, especially, to even- 

 ing (t<7rfe|>«). (Comp. p. 445.) The present editions of Xeno- 

 phon put this eclipse in the 25th year of the Peloponnesian war, 

 beginning, as Xenophon affirms, with the first expedition of the 

 Athenians against Sparta in —429 (p. 471) ? but the particular 

 passage {Tzapa/.rp.u&dro^ rjSrj rob yj)6>o'j xa'c rw Tzolkunv zezzd- 

 po)v\ according to the Petavian chronology, contains an altera- 

 tion of the original text, perpetrated by some ancient transcriber 

 or modern editor. 



17. Xenophon (Hell. ii. 3, 4) attests that in the spring, during 

 depoz of the last (28th) year of the Peloponnesian war, Archon 

 Pythodor II., an eclipse of the sun occurred in Athens {xard to'j- 

 Tov Tov xoupbxy Tzspc i^Xto.u ex/M^iu). This is the eclipse in —401. 

 Jan. 17th, 2ih. 30m., U 10° E. (—5° 26'), curve 37°, 32°, 60°, 

 which commenced 3h. 31m. later (p. 429). Petavius mistook 

 Xenophon's eclipse for that in — 403, Sept. 2d, 2ih. 30m., ft 

 6° W., curve 57°, 38°, 2° ; but, unhappily for him, this eclipse 

 belonged to ysiptoii, and not to d^epo^. The same eclipse, more- 

 over, confirms Thucydides and Xenophon, who unanimously bear 

 witness that the Peloponnesian war lasted fully 28 years ; for, 

 trom the eclipse in — 429 (No. 11) to this eclipse in — 401, the 

 last year of the Peloponnesian war, 28 years really transpired. 

 Petavius, on the contrary, referring the first eclipse of the war to 

 — 430 and the last to — 403, made out, of course, that the war 

 lasted only 27 years, and that "bonus Xenophon erravit." 



18. Xenophon (iv. 3, 10) narrates that within &epo^ of the ist 

 year of the Corinthian war, Arch. Eubulides ( — 392 to 391), a 

 great eclipse of the sun (jxyjoscdr^:;) was seen on the northern 

 bounds of Bceotia (38° 40' N. Lat.) The same we read in Plu- 

 tarch (Ages. 17, vol. viii. p. 654 R) On the occasion of the 

 ecliptic new moon in — 391, Jan. 26th, 22h. 30m., ft 9° W., the 

 shadow of the moon touched only 33°, 23°, 47°. Since, however, 

 the longitude of the ft was shorter by 5° 24' (p. 429), the obscu- 



