SEYFFARTH — ON THE THEORY OF THE MOON S MOTIONS- 5OI 



died in the year subsequent to the Olympian games which were 

 repeated in _33i (p. 451). Consequently Alexander died three 

 years later than Ptolemy supposed. 



5. Ptolemy's Canon refers the foundation of Alexandria and 

 the battle near Arbela, fought some months prior to Darius Codo- 

 mannus's death, to —331 and -330, respectively. But Curtius 

 (iv. 5, ir) testifies that Alexandria was founded some months 

 after the Isthmia aestiva which were celebrated in —329 (p. 432, 

 ad u.c. 558 ; comp. p. 471, Ol. 92. The eclipse, eleven days 

 prior to the battle at Arbela, observed in —328 Cp. 472), demon- 

 strates that Darius Codomannus died in -328, and not, as Ptolemy 

 made out, in — 331, or — 330, 



6. Darius Nothus died, as Diodor (xiii. 104, 108) recounts, a 

 short time {fJicxp6)j) after the end of the Peloponnesian war, viz. 

 in '/Bcfxcov^ -401 (p. 471) ; Ptolemy, on the contrary, refers the 

 death of the same king to —403, again two years too early. 



7. Since Darius Nothus reigned, according to Ptolemy's His- 

 torical Canon, 19 years, he should have commenced to reign in 



— 422. as Ptolemy states. But, alas! Thucydides (viii. 58) nar- 

 rates that the Lacedaemonians, about the end of the 20th year of 

 the Peloponnesian war, namely, "80 days after the summer sol. 

 stice," confederated with the same king, viz. in the course of his 

 13th year {rptru) Tcai dexdzw ivec Japio'j ^aachouovzoz). Conse- 

 quently, since the 20th year of the Peloponnesian war commenced 

 (p. 471) with the year — 409, Darius Nothus must have reigned in 



— 422, and not, as Ptolemy misjudged, in 423. Moreover. Clin- 

 ton's Fasti Hellenici (p. 315) affirm that Ptolemy omits the reigns 

 of Xerxes II. and Sogdianus ; that, consequently, Darius Nothus 

 ruled one year less, or that he ruled simultaneously with both the 

 said kings. 



S. Thucydides (iv. 50) informs us that Artaxerxes Longimanus 

 died during 'f€iixo)v of the 7th year of the Peloponnesian war, 

 commencing with the year 422 (p. 471), and yet Ptolemy's 

 Canon refers the death of the same king to -423 ; that is also 

 one year too early. 



9. Herodotus (vii. i, 3, 4) reports that Darius Hystaspes died 

 four years after the battle at Marathon, and that in the same year 

 Xerxes commenced to reign. The battle at Marathon in -488, 

 Aug. 6th, being incontrovertibly fixed by the Solar Calendar of 



