CONTENTS. 



I. Introduction 249 



II. Description of foods 251 



Abramis crysoleucas; bream, golden shiner 251 



Ambloplites rupestris; rock bass, goggle-eye 252 



Ameiiirus melas; black bullhead 253 



Ameiurus nebulosus; speckled bullhead 254 



Amiatus calva; bowfin, grindle 254 



Boleosoma nigrum ; johnny darter 255 



Catostomus commersonii ; common sucker 2 56 



Cottus ictalops; miller's thumb 256 



Cyprinus carpio; carp 257 



Esox lucius; pickerel 258 



Etheostoma flabellare; fan-tailed darter 259 



Etheostoma iowae; Iowa darter 259 



Eucalia inconstans; brook stickleback 259 



Eupomotis gibbosus; pumpkinseed 260 



Fundulus diaphanus menona; menona top minnow 261 



Labidesthes sicculus; brook silversides 262 



Lepisosteus osseus; long-nosed gar 263 



Lepomis incisor; bluegill, blue sunfish 264 



Micropterus dolomieu; smallmouth black bass 266 



Micropterus salmoides; largemouth black bass 266 



Notropis heterodon; shiner 267 



Perca flavescens; yellow perch 269 



Percina caprodes; log-perch 270 



Pimephales notatus; blunt-nosed minnow 271 



Pimephales promelas; blackhead minnow; fathead 272 



Pomoxis sparoides; black crappie 272 



Roccus chrysops; white bass 273 



Salmo irideus; rainbow trout 274 



Salvelinus fontinalis; brook trout 274 



Schilbeodes gyrinus; tadpole cat 274 



Stizostedion vitreum; wall-eyed pike 275 



Umbra limi; mud minnow 275 



III. Foods utilized by fishes 276 



Different species of fishes have specific food habits 276 



Classes of foods utilized by fishes 277 



IV. Adaptability of food habits 279 



Alternative foods 279 



Variation in food of fishes collected in different loc alities and at different times 280 



Variation in food at different periods of the life cycle 280 



V. Influence of food on the selection of habitats 281 



VI. General considerations on the food of the shore fishes of lakes 282 



Bibliography 291 



247 



