FOOD OF THE SHORE FISHES OF CERTAIN WISCONSIN LAKES. 273 



Station 18; May 13; number examined, i. Length: 200. Food: Chironomus fulviventris larvae, 

 S; Notonecta nymphs, i; Chironomus decorus pupae, i; Corixa adults, 3; adult beetles, 28; Hyalella, 

 50; Eurycercus, 2; filamentous algae, 10. 



Summary. — Food: Insect larvse, 6i insect pupae, i; insect adults, 31; emphipods, 50; Entomostraca, 

 2; plants, 10. 



Station 28; May 30; number examined, 2. Length: Maximum, 183; minimum, 170; average, 176.5. 

 Food: Fish eggs, i; Chironomus fulviventris larvae, 12.5; C. lobiferus larvae, 16.5; C. decorus larvae, 

 2.5; Probezzia glaber larvae, 5; Notonecta nymphs, 2.5; Chironomus sp. pupae, 35; C. fulviventris pupae, 

 5; C. decorus pupae, 5; mites, 10; Hyalella, 10. 



Summary. — Food: Fish eggs, i; insect larvae, 39; insect pupae, 45; mites, 10; amphipods, 10. 



Station 26; July 13; number examined, 3. Length: Maximum, 183; minimum, 142; average, 169.3. 

 Food: Minnow, 3.5; Chironomus lobiferus larvae, 25; Enallagma hageni nymphs, 3.3; Chironomus sp. 

 pupae, 12.6; Corixa adults, 0.3; Hyalella, 0.3; Daphnia, 6.3; D. pulex, 16.6. 



Summary. — Food: Fish, 3.5; insect larvae, 28.3; insect pupae, 12.6; insect adults, 0.3; amphipods, 

 0.3; cladocera, 22.9. 



Grand summary for iQi; and IQ16. — Number examined, 66. Length: Maximum, 221; minimum, 35; 

 average, 90.5. Food: Fish eggs, o.i; fish, 7.1; insect larvae, 19. i; insect pupae, 4.6; adult insects, 8.8; 

 mites, 0.4; amphipods, 10.6; Entomostraca, 47.4; plants, 1.5; silt and debris, -f. 



The black crappie depends on entomostracans (47. 4 per cent), insects (33.5 per cent), amphipods, 

 and small fish for its food. Its form fits it to live among aquatic plants, and in general its food comes 

 from such situations. The largest fish examined (November 27, 1915), however, had eaten over three- 

 fourths pelagic entomostracans. Forbes and Richardson (1908) stated that the crappies are strictly car- 

 nivorous, living mainly on insects, crustaceans, and fish. 



Roccus chrysops (Rafinesque). White bass. 



Station 15; June 6, 1915; number examined, i. Length: 165. Food: Chironomus decorous larvae, 

 40; Protenthes choreus larvae, 39.9; Corethra larvae, 10; Hyalella, o.i. 



Summary. — Food: Chironomid larv^, 99.9; amphipods, 0.1. 



Station 5: August 18; number examined, i. Length: 29. Food: Cyclops, 65; Bosmina longirostris 

 comuta, 35. 



Station 5; August 25; number examined, i. Length: 35. Food; Corixa adults, 100. 



Station 5; August 2 5; number examined, 2. Lengths: 35, 29. Food: Chironomus adults, 5; Cyclops, 

 60; Bosmina longirostris comuta, 30; Simocephalus, 5. 



Summary. — Food: Adult insects, 5; copepods, 60; cladocerans, 35. 



Station 5; August 30; number examined, 6. Length: Maximum, 44; minimum, 32; average, 37.9. 

 Food: Insect eggs, 20; chironomid larvae, 0.8; Chironomus decorus larvae, 1.6; Baetisca nymphs, 13.1; 

 Enallagma hageni nymphs, 6.6; Chironomus lobiferus pupae, 10; C. viridis pupae, 1.6; Hyalella, 9.1; 

 Cyclops, 27; Cyclops serrulatus, 6.6; chydorids, i.S; Simocephalus, i. 



Summary. — Food: Insect larvae, 42.1; pupae, 11. 6; amphipods, 9.1; copepods, 33.6; cladocerans, 2.8. 



Station 5; September 2; number examined, i. Length: 33. Food: Chironomus decorus larvae, 5; 

 Protenthes culiciformis pupae, 5; Hyalella, 15; ostracods, 5, Cyclops, 65; cladocerans, 5. 



Station 5; September 22; number examined, i. Length:22o. Food: Fundulus diaphanus menona, 

 55; Chironomus decorus larvae, 8; Corethra larvse, 20; Chironomus decorus pupae, 8; C. d. adult, 7; 

 Leptocerus dilutus adult, 2. 



Summary. — Food: Fish, 55; insect larvae, 28; pupae, 8; adult insects, 9. 



Station 15; depth, 13 meters; November 13; number examined, i. Length: 145. Food: Daphnia, 

 60; Leptodora, 40. 



Grand summary. — Number examined, 14. Length: Maximum, 220; minimum, 29; average, 65.6. 

 Food: Fish, 4.2; insect eggs, 8.6; larvae, 22.2; pupae, 5.8; adult insects, 8.4; amphipods, 5; ostracods, 0.4; 

 copepods, 29.6; cladocerans, 16.3. 



The white bass feeds primarily on entomostracans (46.3 per cent) and insects (45 per cent). The 

 adults eat insects more than anything else, but also take fish. Forbes and Richardson (1908) mentioned 

 insects, crustaceans, and fishes as constituents of the food of this species. Two adults examined by 

 the writer in 1914 were filled with adult midges. 



