132 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Mar., 16 
the middle of May. The entire life history of this generation 
of these insects is spent in these galls instead of their being 
used only as a place of protection during metamorphosis as 
was surmised to be the case with L. caryae by J. D. Hood 
(Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XX VII, p. 160). 
The type will be placed in the U. S. National Museum. 
Differs from Liothrips caryae (Fitch) in color (including 
that of the antennal joints), size, length of wings and the 
longer prothorax; the larva is quite different in color. It 
should perhaps be given specific rank, but its characters and its 
ecological relationships are in many ways so similar to those 
of L. caryae that it seems best to give it only subspecific rank. 
The following key modified from that of Moulton (1911) 
will enable one to separate the North American species of Lio- 
thrips. 
1. Head about 1.3 (or less) times as long as wide. 
. a. Fore wings brownish at the extreme base; tube .8 or .9 as long 
as head. 
b. Head 1.15 times as long as wide; marginal abdominal 
spines yellowish; usually only segment 3 of antennae 
all clear yellow. 
c. Black; postocular bristles blunt, .6 times as 
long as eye; fore wing with about 14 hairs of 
a second row; antennal segments 5 and 6 
mostly blackish brown to black, 
L. ocellatus, Hood 
cc. Postocular bristles sharp-pointed and almost 
as long as eye; fore wing with 17-22 inter- 
located hairs; antennal segment 5 yellowish. 
d. Color brown or black; length about 
2 mm.; wings long; prothorax .6 
times as long as head; antennal seg- 
ments 6-8 blackish brown, 
L. caryae (Fitch) 
dd. Color brown to yellow -with much 
deep red pigmentation; length about 
2.6 mm.; wings reaching only about 
.75 the length of the abdomen; pro- 
thorax .9 times as long as head; an- 
tennal segments 6-8 yellowish brown, 
L. caryae floridensis, n. sub. sp. 
