Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 1 53 



named Epallaginae. Surely the characters contrasted upon 

 these two plates are sufficient to justify the separation of these 

 two groups. Clearly the Epallaginae are the more primitive. 

 Their biramous* mandibles and their lateral abdominal gills 

 ally them with the sub- family Ephemerinae of Mayflies, and 

 their venation is vastly more primitive than that of the Vesta- 

 linae. 



Since the foregoing was written I have examined a nymph 

 of still another Calopterygine genus from India — a single 

 nymph from Simla Hills collected and sent me by Dr. N. 

 Annandale. It is, unfortunately, a young nymph, perhaps 

 about two-thirds grown (the wing tips reach only to the base of 

 the third abdominal segment), with no venation showing, the 

 specimen being near a moult, its wings crumpled within their 

 sheaths. It is more elongate than Bayadcra or Anisopleura 

 with slenderer legs, and would be larger when grown (length 

 of head and body in the present specimen i8 mm., gills 6 mm. 

 additional.) It may perhaps belong to Philoganga. The in- 

 flated caudal gills are intermediate in character between those 

 of Bayadcra and Anisopleura, being more pointed than the 

 one and less so than the other and being without constriction 

 at the base of the attenuate apical portion. The mandible is 

 also intermediate in the character of the external ramus, which 

 is not quite simple, but nearly so, with only minute serratures 

 upon its outer side — not a row of subequal teeth. The lateral 

 abdominal gills are very similar in form, but they are decurved 

 beneath the abdomen and scarcely visible from above. They 

 occur, as in the others, on segments 2 to 8. 



*The mandible of Cora is not biramous in the sense in which I have 

 used the word in this paper : the outer ramus of the forms here de- 

 scribed is wanting. The more or less movable piece upon the inner 

 face of the mandible, perhaps a Httle better developed as a movable 

 part in Cora than in any of those I have seen, apparent!}' has no coun- 

 terpart in the Ephemerine mandible, although there is rather regularly 

 a movable palp-like piece situated at the base of the outer ramus of 

 the mandible on its inner side in Mayfly nymphs. 



