Vol. xxvii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 301 
the Aleurodids are related to the Fulgorids, which in turn are 
closely related to the Neuropteron group, of which the 
Coniopterygidae are members. 
The Coccidoides (Microhomoptera) or Coccid group, is 
rather closely related to the Psyllid group, in its general 
features, and is also related to the Aphids. A further study 
of intermediate forms is necessary in order to determine its 
closest affinities. 
The preceding groups of Homopteroid insects might be re- 
garded as sub-orders of the order Homoptera. I would con- 
sider that the Fulgorid, Coccid and Aphid groups are suff- 
ciently distinct to be regarded as orders, however, but this is 
largely a matter of personal opinion. 
The Hemiptera proper (sometimes referred to as the 
Heteroptera) are as closely related to the Homoptera as to 
any other insects; but, aside from the similarity in structure 
of the mouth parts, they have much less in common than is 
ordinarily supposed, and the Hemiptera proper should un- 
doubtedly be considered as an order distinct from the Homop- 
tera. Four typical groups or sub-orders of the Hemiptera 
proper are the Notonectid (Euhemiptera) and the Capsid 
groups (Mesohemiptera), which are among the more primitive 
of the Hemiptera and the Pentatomid (Metahemiptera) and 
the Berytid groups (Apohemiptera), which are more highly 
specialized. There are other groups which might be regarded 
as sub-orders, but the above mentioned ones will serve to 
illustrate the principal subdivisions of the Hemiptera proper. 
The true Hemiptera are so highly specialized that they are of 
no great interest from the standpoint of the study of phylogeny ; 
but the Homoptera give some valuable hints as to the rela- 
tionships of certain of the higher forms. 
The Lepidoptera arose from ancestors whose lines of de- 
velopment occupied a position intermediate between the 
Chrysopid-Myrmeleonid group, and the Phryganid-Panorpid 
group. The line of development of the Lepidoptera also ap- 
proaches that of the Homoptera in many respects. Some of 
the main subdivisions of the Lepidoptera are as follows: The 
