4IO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., ^'l2 



(4) This caterpillar was quiet until 11. 11 P. M., 15 August, 

 when convulsions began. At first it straightened and length- 

 ened the body gently ; then violent, spasmodic movements of 

 the thoracic region occurred, followed by the motionless posi- 

 tion, which continued until 11.43. At that time the thoracic 

 segments commenced to twitch gently for several seconds, the 

 movement quickly ceasing. At 12.23 ^- ^-f ^ slight thoracic 

 spasm occurred but no further movements up to 12.50 A. M., 

 when the observation was discontinued. The chrysalis was 

 excluded between i A. M. and 6 A. M., August 16, but not 

 successfully, having fallen during the operation of attaching 

 the cremaster. 



The struggle to free itself of the larval integument consists 

 of straining movements located chiefly in the caudal portions 

 cf the body. The abdominal segments are bent violently, 

 forming a convexity at the prolegs, which flatten again when 

 the movement ceases. 



Before suspending themselves, the caterpillars appear to 

 wander considerably and spin much silk at this time. 



At 2.20 P. M., August 16, a chrysalis was noticed with all 

 of the thorax excluded. It rapidly wriggled the remaining 

 portions of its body out of the larval skin, to the anal segment 

 and then taking a firm hold of the larval skin with the abdo- 

 men (is there a disc-like organ for this purpose near the 

 cremaster? — I failed to look for it at the time, though its pres- 

 ence is indicated in the rough notes), it gradually worked 

 its way from beneath and then over the larval skin, pushing 

 the latter down as its position advanced, thus not raising the 

 body to any considerable angle with the twig. However, after 

 nearly reaching the silken pad, a very small one in this case, 

 this chrysalis was forced to drop, apparently from exhaustion. 

 This observation occupied five minutes. 



From the larvae noted above, the first adult appeared on 

 August 25, 1902, at 5.30 P .M. (from chrysalis No. 2, found 

 at 10.38 P. M., August 15), having been about nine days and 

 nineteen hours in the chrysalis stage. About twenty- four 

 hours preceding emergence of the adult, the chrysalids change 

 to a bluish-black color. 



