50 



DESCRIPTION OP 



Ffr. & Highly dif eloped rudimentary female apparatus of a male flower . . 



ft* »t«lt of lUmenH to the male flowers of mature reoeptacles to which insects have not 



Mined aooese, but in which a oertain amount of evolution has occurred beyond the 



x 25 



■ 



i orient at the normal period for acoess, showing a certain amount of develop- 

 m« t of the anther-lobes. 

 FS*. 5. Traasrerte ieoti u through an anther-lobe of such a stamen, showing masses of 





x 119 

 x 690 

 x 690 



pollen-tetrads, tapetal cells, anl stratum of fibres 



fig. 6. Isolated {»> Hen- tetrads from such a stamen 



fig. 7 Mature pollen-grains stained with picrocarmine, showing nuclei 



Fig r 8heat hi ng bract of a male flower at period for access of insects to the receptacle. 



Fig. 0. Mature pollen-grain, fresh 



b\g. 1 Various appearances presented by pollen-grains in one per cent, solution of cane sugar . x 850 



Kif . 11, < arminating pollen-grains from cultivations on the stigmatic surfaces of receptacles . . x 690 



Fig. k Ditt ditto ditto ditto . . x 500 



Fig. I ' rminating pollen-grains f ran one per cent solution of cane sugar x 690 



x 850 



x 42 



x 119 



Fig. 1 Ovule of a gall-flower from a receptacle shortly after access of insects, showing 



intranuoellar site of insect ovum ; stained with picrocarmine 



1 1 ■'). Ape* of similar ovule, showing tendeucy to formation of an apical cap in the nucellar 



parenchyma , 



1 16. Portion of a similar ovule, showing site of insect ovum between nucellar epidermis 



tnd parenchyma x 119 



Fig. 1 Insect ovum, and portion of nucellar parenohyma from a similar ovule x 370 



i 1& Ovum as «• pretsed from the body of a female insect x 370 



Fig. 19. Vertical seotion through a gall-flower from a receptacle ready for the access of insects . x 119 



c.8, stylar canal ; p, solid base of style ; o, wall of ovary ; f.v, branches of axial 

 fibro-vascular bundle ; s, secundine ; e.n, nucellar epidermis ; i.n, nucellar paren- 

 chyma ; 6, site of deposit of ovum. 



Fig. 20. Inner stratum of cells of membrane surrounding the body of an embryo insect within 



the ovary of a gall-flower t x 370 



1 g. Section of gall-receptacle ready for insects. Natural size. 



1 I - Ditto ditto ditto. 



area oooupied by male flowers ; b, area occupied by ostiolar bracts; c, c, area 



of gall-fiowers 



Natural 



;g. 23. Sect gall-receptacle which had matured without access of insects. 



Fig. Portion of a mature galled receptacle after escape of the fig-insects, showing tunnel 



through ostiolar plug. 



Kg. 36. Section of ovarian wall from an almost mature gall-flower containing an insect . . . 

 tig. .6. P rtion of a mature ungalled gall-receptacle showing thickness of stratum of gall- 

 flowers. Natural size. 



tig. r. Portion of a mature galled receptacle, showing tiers of ovaries and uneven receptacular 



370 



surface 



PLATE V. 



' L Vertical s, (ion through the apex of the ovary of a true female flower from 



a female 



ovar:jrri^T f ^^ ^ *■ d= ^ t : :z 



• t Pcrtion of vertical section of'the ^Z^TZZ^Z 



x 370 



at the same 



cell , and apex of the embryo-sac * parenchyma, the embry 



o 



x 690 







