ANONACE-E OF BRITISH INDIA. 3 
similar to that of the leaves, and at this stage are surrounded or included between two equal halves of 
the endosperm with a small quantity of the same between them. A. cherimolia behaves in exactly the same 
way, and the cotyledons are invariably torn from the axis and left in the subterranean seed.” 
The inflorescence in this family presents no character of note with the exception of 
the curious fasciation of the peduncles in the species grouped under the genus Aréadoirys. 
Few-flowered, axillary or leaf-opposed cymes or racemes, and even solitary flowers, prevail 
in the order; panicles being rare, and spikes unknown. The simple alternate ex-stipulate 
leaves of the family are always entire and, for the most part, they are membranous or 
sub-coriaceous ; rarely coriaceous, and never fleshy, Glandular dots or markings occur in 
the leaves of a few species—notably in those of some species of Anona. 
Although the genera <Anena, Uvaria and Xylopia are Linnean, and Unone is of 
Linnzeus filius, the earliest recognition of these plants as the type of a family is to 
be found at page 865 of the second volume of Adanson’s Fumilles des Plantes (published 
in 1763), where that author distinguished the group which he called Les Anones. Les 
Anones of Adanson, however, included various plants which have in more recent times been 
relegated to other families than Anonacee, The whole of the then-known plants which 
have since been formed into the families Magnoliacee and Menispermacee, certain of 
the Dilleniacee and Ranunculacee of the present day, together with the genera Ochna 
and Fagara, were grouped by Adanson with the true Anonaceew as we now understand 
them. The systematic writer who next gave special attention to the family was 
Antoine de Jussieu; and his Anonew, in addition to the Linnean genera already 
mentioned, included the genus Cananga which had been founded by Aublet in 1775. 
Jussieu, moreover, referred the majority of the other genera included by Adanson to 
the natural order Magnolie. The inventor of the name Anonacee was L. C. Richard; 
but the first botanist who really understood the group and who defined the limits of 
it pretty much as they stand to-day was Dunal, whose Monograph appeared in 1817. 
That author included in the family nine genera, viz., the Linnean Annona, Uvaria and 
Xylopia, Unona of the younger Linnzeus (in which he included Desmos and Melodorum 
of Loureiro), Porcelia (founded by Ruiz and Pavon in 1794), Guatteria, Ruiz and Payon 
(also 1794, but now admitted to be reducible to the earlier published Cananga of 
Aublet), Asimina of Adanson, and his own genus Monodora (= Anona Myristica, Geertn.) 
The only extraneous genus which Dunal admitted was Kadsura. Dunal’s arrangement 
was followed by M. Alph, DeCandolle in his Memoire sur la Famille des Anonacees, 
published in 1832, except that he excluded Kadsura, himself described four new genera 
(viz., Habzelia, Coelociine, Miliusa, and Hezalobus), and included the genera Rollinia, Anaz- 
agorea, Artabotrys, Orophea, Bocagea, Polyalthia, and Duguetia which had been published 
since Dunal wrote. Asimina and Porcelia, however, he reduced to Uvaria. Still later Blume, 
in his Bydragen and Flora Jave, either founded as genera, or separated as sections 
which have since been maintained as genera, Mitrephora, Stelechocarpus, Goniothalamus and 
' Oxymitra, And it was Blume who first recognized the true affinities of Kadsura, and 
who erected it, with its near ally Schizandra, into a new family named Schizandree— 
a group which was united to Magnoliacee by Drs. Hooker and Thomson in 1862, and 
which has by most subsequent authors been treated as a’ tribe of that family. aes 
As DeCandolle left it m 1832, the family of Anonacee stood very much as it 
does to-day, although its members were far less numerous. It consisted for the most 
part of plants Le which the salient features were the ternary symmtery of the 
