460 Mr. E. T. Browne on the Medusca 



finding suitable characters for the determination of the 

 species. As the means of distinguishing the species the 

 following characters are used 4 — 



a. The presence or absence of cirri. 



h. The presence or absence of a spur at the base of the 

 tentacles. 



c. The number of cordyli between the tentacles. 



d. The shape of the gonads. 



Laodice undulata (Forbes & Goodsir), 1851. 



Thaumantias imduJata, Fortes & Goodsir, 1851, p. 313, pi. x. fig. 7. 



Thaumantias confluens, Forbes & Goodsir, 1851, p. 314, pi. x. fig. 8. 



Thaumantias mediterranea , Gegenbaur, 1856, p, 237, Taf. viii. figs. 1-3. 



Cosmetira punctata, Hseckel, 1864, p. 334. 



Laodice calcarata, Browne, 1898, p. 823, pi. xlix. fig. 4. 



Laodice cruciata, Maas, 1904, p. 18. 



Laodice calcarata, A. Agassiz, 1862. 



Laodicea calcarata, A. Agassiz, 1862, p. 350. 



Lafoea calcarata, A. Agassiz, 1865, p. 122, figs. 184-194, 



Laodice calcarata, llfeckel, 1879, p. 134. 



Laodice calcarata, Brooks, 1895, p. 287, pi. s^W. 



Laodice ulothrix (Hajckel), 1877. 



Cosmetira ulothrix, Hfeckel, 1877. 



Laodice rdothrix, Hfeckel, 1879, p. 133, Taf. viii. figs. 5-7. 



Laodice ulothri.i\ Mayer, 1900, p. 49; Mayer, 1904, p. 14, pi. iv. fig. 30. 



In 1851 Forbes and Goodsir described as new species 

 Thaumantias undidata and Thaumantias confluens^ which 

 they found on the west coast of Scotland. I consider T. con- 

 Jluens to be an earlier stage of T. undulata. It is quite 

 evident from the description and figure that T. undulata 

 belongs to the genus Laodice. The specimens were seen 

 alive, and in their description the authors state that each 

 tentacle " springs from a bulbous base, bearing a small but 

 distinct black ocellus. Between each pair of tentacula is a 

 minute, transparent, mobile, pedunculated tubercle. [The 

 figure shows these tubercles, which have the appearance of 

 roughly drawn cordyli.] Down the four gastrovascular 

 canals, very nearly from their divergence to the margin 

 of the umbrella, run the four linear genital glands, tinged 

 with rose-colour. They are very peculiarly formed, each 

 hanging from the surface of the subumbrella in the shape of 

 a pair of undulated membranous curtains, strikingly reminding 

 us of the appearance presented by Stauro'phora, but differing 

 in their nature ; for, in the animal we are describing, they are 



