Mr Richards on Scottish Fossil Cy cactaceous Leaves. 117 



front of the racliis by a slightly contracted callous base, and 

 ending usually in an acute apex, with veins which, while 

 they have a general parallel direction, diverge in passing 

 outwards, so as to be cut off successively along the upper 

 and lower margins of the leaflet. In Podozamites, which finds 

 its type in Zajnia lanceolata (L. and H.), another well-known 

 Scarborough fossil, the segments, mostly slender and elon- 

 gated, are characterised by a more marked narrowing at the 

 base, forming often a kind of pedicel by which the leaflet is 

 inserted, while the veins usually converge towards both 

 extremities instead of terminating along the margins. (Heer, 

 who has made known many new species and varieties of the 

 latter genus, suspects that ultimately both genera may be 

 reunited to the living Zamia) Another of the Scottish 

 leaves seems to be identical with Ctenis falcata (L. and H.), 

 an abundant fossil in the lower Oolites of the Yorkshire 

 coast. The remaining one is not a Zamioid leaf, the drawing 

 of it having been associated with the others in Hugh Miller's 

 book by an accidental error. The details which follow 

 respecting each will be readily understood with the aid of 

 his figures. It is only necessary further to mention that the 

 strata of Eathie, near Cromarty, and of Helmsdale in Suther- 

 landshire, which yielded these remains, and are spoken of as 

 Lias and inferior Oolite respectively, have since been as- 

 signed by Mr Judd {Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, vol. xxix., p. 181) 

 to the upper division of the Jurassic system. The relation 

 of the specimens here described to plants of the same system 

 elsewhere is discussed in each case below. 



Genus Zamites — Brong. emend. 

 Zamites Eathiensis, sp. nov. 



"Zamia," Hugh Miller, Test, of the Rocks, p. 476, fig. 133, 



Foliis magnis, decim. 3 et ultra longis, pinnis subremotis, rachi crasscB per- 

 pendicularibus, pro more suboppositis, millim. 10-13 latis, basi apud margineni 

 inferiorem leniter constricta oblique insertis, persistentibus, nervis leniter diver- 



This, the most conspicuous example of Scottish Zamioid 

 foliage, derived from Eathie, in the neighbourhood of Cromarty, 



