Professor Turner 07i Fossil Bones of Mammals. 337 



was also much injured, and both the horn cores, subsequent 

 to the discovery of the skull, were broken, the left about 

 midway between the base and the tip, tlie right nearer 

 to the tip. The greatest breadth between their roots across 

 the frontal bone was 11 J in.; breadth of supra-occipital 

 ridge, 8 J in. ; girth of the base of the horn core, 12^ in. 

 As the occipito-sphenoid part of this skull was, however, 

 present, the dimensions of the foramen magnum, and at the 

 occipital condyles, were also taken. The extreme width 

 between the two condyles was of in. The width of the 

 foramen magnum was If in. ; its antero-posterior diameter 

 was the same. 



The right half of the lower jaw of the Bos primigenius was 

 almost entire, only a small part of the anterior border of the 

 ascendinfij ramus and the socket for the outer incisor havinfj 

 been broken away. As this is apparently the only specimen 

 of the lower jaw of this animal which has been found in 

 Britain, I shall compare its dimensions and characters with 

 those of the corresponding part of the lower jaw of the 

 Hamilton wild white ox in the Anatomical Museum of the 

 University of Edinburgh. 



Extreme Length, .... 



From angle to tip of coronoid, 



From angle to top of condyle, 



Height of coronoid, 



Length of molar alveoli, 



Height behind last molar alveolus, 



The mandible exactly fitted the large skull of the fine Bos 

 primigenius in the Anatomical Museum of that University, 

 described by me in 1859 ; it belonged, therefore, to a full- 

 grown animal. Three true molars and the last premolar 

 were in place, the other premolars and the incisors were 

 absent, although their sockets were present. The molars were 

 so far worn down that a section through the external accessory 

 lateral column was in the grinding surface of the crown. In 

 its general configuration this bone corresponded closely with 

 that of the Hamilton white ox, though the latter had a 

 longer and more attenuated coronoid process ; in its length, 



