344 Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society. 



along with my colleague, Mr Goodchild, has thus been led to 

 give the section as consisting of about 8 feet of blown sand, 

 and only about 20 feet of marine deposits. These 8 feet, as 

 it chances, make all the difference between a modern coast 

 deposit and a much more ancient raised beach. 



Prohable Succession of Events as Testified by this Section. 



The order of events which led to the formation of the 

 deposits thus described may have been somewhat as follows: — 



1. The ice age : glacier ice moving heavily over the 

 boulder-clay. 



2. Gap, not now represented by any deposit in the section. 

 Formation of the arctic marine deposits of the 100-feet 

 beach of Scotland, and close of the ice age. Denudation, 

 possibly submarine, but more probably resulting from an 

 elevation of the coast, sufficient at least to bring the deposits 

 within range of coast denudation. A few boulders washed 

 from the boulder-clay and left lying on the top.^ Finally, 

 the country for a time brought to a stand some 40 or 50 feet 

 below present sea-level. 



3. Shallow sea 7 or 8 fathoms deep ; oyster scalps, etc. ; 

 little or no deposit from off-shore. 



4. Elevation of the coast to the 25 or 30 feet level ; water 

 shallowed ; strong currents ; a great sea-drift of sand, etc. ; 

 carcases of animals, blown up by gases of decomposition 

 floating past and dropping to pieces, and perhaps kept 

 circling in some bight of the shore or little eddy near it; 

 some peat and wood carried to sea from the peat bogs in the 

 interior. Possible oscillations of the coast-line. 



5. Elevation into present position some time prior to the 

 Roman occupation. Sand dunes. 



^ In this section there is unfortunately no trace of a land surface nor 

 evidence of the continental forest-epoch of " Pre-historic Europe" except 

 the fact of the unconformity, and the denudation to which it seems to point. 



