144 



BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[BULL. 196 



DRINKING TUBE 

 / 



SCRATCHING 

 STICK ' 



GREEN 



YELLOW 



Figure 6. — Ritual paraphernalia. 



there is turquoise, and they make the four ways, too. I don't know why that is. 

 It makes the power good. We've always done that way. Ever since the earth 

 was set up, it has been that way. I don't know why. It's been that way since 

 Apaches learned to pray. 



Turquoise and the four directions may be thought of as agents of 

 prayer. As one medicine man said, "they make medicine strong." 

 An Apache ceremony without turquoise and some symbolic represen- 



