232 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 196 



White admixture was much greater than in prior times, for many 

 names when translated or anghcized do not reveal their origin. 

 However, on this roll many blood fractions are listed. Among the 

 most typical are Ys, %, %, K, %, Vn, Vn, ^Vu, ^^le, etc. (Litton, 1940, 

 p. 226). 



From 1848 to 1907 the Cherokee once more evolved from a nearly 

 fullblood group to one which counts its Indian inheritance in a welter 

 of confusing fractions. As I have pointed out, not all the mixbloods 

 emigrated, but the bulk of this admixture is post-Kemoval. At the 

 time of the 1890 census, there were 56 White families who were 

 unlawfully on the tract, occupying and farming 6,000 acres of good 

 land (Donaldson, 1892, p. 8). Family histories suggest that in addi- 

 tion to the reservoir of White blood existing from earlier times, much 

 of it came into the population about this time and from some of 

 these intruders. 



The Baker Roll was started in 1924 as part of a Federal termination- 

 type program. This was to have been the final roU, and it included 

 all those of at least )^2 Indian inheritance plus those born no later 

 than June 4, 1924. This roll has been surrounded by controversy 

 and acrimony. Allegations have been made that many were enrolled 

 with no more eligibility than $5. Of the 3,146 names recorded, 1,222 

 are contested cases (Litton, 1940, pp. 229-231). This is a touchy 

 subject in Cherokee now. There are people who are scornfully 

 described by others, usually fullbloods, as "five-dollar Indians." As 

 Gulick (1960, p. 16) points out, the Baker Roll has many problems 

 associated with it, not the least of which is the fact that no one under 

 37 (in 1961) is legally a member of the tribe. 



In 1958 the council voted to take a new roll. The blood require- 

 ment is now set at Yzz, although initially there was a movement for 

 a Yi requirement which was defeated in the council. In addition to 

 the inheritance stipulation, there are residence requirements. The 

 roll at the time of this writing is not yet complete, nor will it be closed ; 

 those ehgible will be added at birth. During the present enrollment, 

 some applicants have been refused, but those refused may request 

 special hearings on their applications. The tribal enrollment clerk 

 said, "Some of these people must think that they are going to get 

 some money. That's why they are so eager to be enrolled." 



In 1929, Cherokee had not bm-geoned into the vacation area that 

 it is today. There was no town, and, exclusive of the school and the 

 agency, the settlement had no electricity. The small cluster of 

 buildings aroimd the Cherokee station on the Appalachian Railway 

 and on the banks of the river was composed of three faMy large 

 stores, one smaU store, a warehouse, and two Indian dwellings. The 

 largest store was owned by the chief, John Tahquette, a fullblood. 



