314 



BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[Bull. 196 



ITHOMAS MODEL OF THE CHEROKEE 

 ACCULTURATION CONTINUUM 



BunlWhHt Indians 



OLD CHEROKEE , fullbloods 

 I 



Generaliitd Indians 

 ' ' 



Middle Class 



I Z3 



MODERN WHITE 



2. HISTORICAL DERIVATIOKS OF CONTEMPORARY 

 CHEROKEE CULTURAL GROUPS 



Ca. 1838 



Early Conservatives 



(Nearly "fullblond") 



Sxircme Accutiuraiive 

 Pressurts 

 ^B90-J930s/ 



-JVJUSJ 



Present ConsermfiYes 



MODERN INDIANS 

 I960 



/ Phenolypic Indian \ 

 \ Phenolypic While) 



)- 



Co 1838 

 Early Adfnixfures 



Consistent Mined 



or White Mating 



I97S-I960 



3. CHEROKEE CULTURAL AND SOCIAL GROUPS, 1960 



Modern Cherokee 



Acculturation 



Figure 8. — Three models of Cherokee diflferentiation, (For Thomas model (1) 

 see Thomas, R. K., MS., 1958, Chapel Hill.) 



The population immediately after the removal was, according to 

 the literature, nearly all fullblood, and it was traditionally oriented, 

 although there were some admixtures. These admixtures attest to 

 the fact that there were present in the small post-Removal band White 

 people who provided models for those Indians with whom they came 

 into contact.^^ Genealogical material shows that one of the most pro- 

 lific and socially mobile of the White Indian families is a very old one. 

 Until recent years this kindred has tended to marry White people. 

 Theu- White marriage partners were not, according to the informa- 

 tion, "poor Whites." They were "respectable citizens of the period," 



33 The presence of White models who remain in persistent and consistent contact with a different cultural 

 group is of major significance in change. One must always keep in mind, however, the question of who 

 these White people were. E. Bruner (1956, p. 622) attends to the question of White models to his study of 

 the Mandan-Hidatsa. He suggests that the presence of a White model is insufficient by itself. The latter 

 must deliberately socialize children in White ways. See also Gulick, 1960, p. 157. 



