320 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Boll. 196 



be equally represented in the labor force. The anticipated number 

 is 600 employees.*^ 



The Public Works Program, which includes the installation of the 

 water system and sewage lines, and the Forestry project are employing 

 168 men. These jobs will terminate in Januaiy 1964, but the con- 

 struction of the factories and the amusement park are expected to 

 provide work for many of these men. 



Social services. — The change in the availability of jobs since 1960 

 should be reflected in the amounts of monies given in assistance to 

 Indian families. To some extent this is true as shown in table 14. 

 That the differences are not greater is a function of the fact that in 

 1960 the program was just meeting basic needs. Now it is possible 

 to utilize funds to supplement incomes of those families whose bread- 

 winners cannot, by themselves, provide adequately for their depend- 

 ents. In addition, the new jobs have not reached the hard core cases 

 of chronic unemployment. 



In an effort to ameliorate this unemployment condition, two addi- 

 tional caseworkers have been added to the Social Service staff, bring- 

 ing the number up to four. Presently less than one-third of the 

 case load of this department is in assistance. Counseling is given 

 in all areas of family life. The United States Public Health Service 

 has secured the services of a psychiatrist on a consultant basis, and 

 a clinical psychologist is on contract to the Cherokee School 3 days 

 a week to provide additional professional assistance in the areas of 

 counseling and rehabilitation. 



Indirectly associated with problems of family life is housing. 

 Approval has been received from the Federal Government for the 

 construction of low-rent housing. Construction of 35 units is sched- 

 uled to start in the spring of 1964. Rents will range from $20-$70 

 per month contingent upon income and the number of minor depend- 

 ents. These units are to be built in the various residential sections of 

 the reservation. Efforts are also being directed toward securing 

 Farmers Home Administration and Federal Housing Authority Title 

 I Home Improvement loans for the Indian people.*^ 



The future. — Without doubt the economic base of the Eastern 

 Cherokee is much sturdier than it was in 1959-60. In fact, it appears 

 that the reservation is in a healthier condition than many of the 

 surrounding White communities. Assuredly the effects of the 

 burgeoning economy will make themselves felt among the people and 

 among the social and cultural groupings described in 1960. It might 

 be expected that the emerging class structure which was observed will 

 become more differentiated. The development of an upper middle 



" See footnote 42, p. 319. 



