﻿GROWTH 
  AND 
  MIGRATION 
  OF 
  FRESH-WATER 
  MUSSELS. 
  9 
  

  

  Chikaskia, 
  lot 
  E. 
  — 
  On 
  the 
  Brewer 
  farm 
  were 
  planted 
  120 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  of 
  various 
  sizes 
  of 
  Quadrulae, 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  representatives 
  of 
  the 
  

   other 
  species 
  mentioned 
  for 
  the 
  Shoofly, 
  with 
  the 
  addition 
  of 
  a 
  few 
  

   specimens 
  of 
  Lampsilis 
  purpuratus 
  and 
  Tritogonia 
  tuherculata 
  (buck- 
  

   horn, 
  pistol-grip). 
  The 
  inclosure 
  consisted 
  of 
  a 
  triangular 
  pen 
  made 
  

   of 
  3-foot, 
  1-inch 
  mesh 
  wire 
  netting, 
  run 
  out 
  from 
  the 
  bank 
  and 
  back 
  

   again, 
  40 
  feet 
  of 
  netting 
  being 
  used 
  in 
  its 
  construction. 
  The 
  bottom 
  

   was 
  a 
  mud 
  bank 
  along 
  the 
  side 
  and 
  medium 
  coarse 
  sand 
  farther 
  out. 
  

   The 
  water 
  was 
  from 
  2 
  inches 
  to 
  3 
  feet 
  in 
  depth, 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  main 
  

   channel 
  running 
  across 
  the 
  lower 
  end. 
  The 
  specimens 
  were 
  collected 
  

   in 
  part 
  from 
  the 
  immediate 
  vicinity 
  of 
  the 
  inclosure, 
  but, 
  as 
  they 
  were 
  

   by 
  no 
  means 
  numerous 
  in 
  this 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  about 
  90 
  of 
  the 
  

   120 
  mussels 
  were 
  secured 
  a 
  mile 
  farther 
  down 
  the 
  stream. 
  Lot 
  E 
  

   specimens 
  were 
  planted, 
  weighed, 
  etc., 
  June 
  23 
  and 
  24, 
  1910, 
  and 
  

   checked 
  over 
  in 
  part 
  September 
  26, 
  1910, 
  and 
  June 
  22, 
  1911. 
  

  

  Chikaskia, 
  lot 
  F. 
  — 
  The 
  second 
  planting 
  in 
  the 
  Chikaskia 
  was 
  on 
  the 
  

   Esch 
  farm, 
  and 
  consisted 
  of 
  330 
  specimens, 
  collected 
  mostly 
  from 
  the 
  

   immediate 
  vicinity, 
  as 
  the 
  mussels 
  in 
  this 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  were 
  

   abundant. 
  The 
  range 
  of 
  size 
  was 
  good, 
  although 
  really 
  small 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  were 
  rare 
  in 
  1910. 
  The 
  species 
  were 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  noted 
  

   under 
  lot 
  D, 
  mostly 
  Quadrulge, 
  as 
  these 
  are 
  the 
  only 
  common 
  species 
  

   in 
  this 
  stream. 
  Fifty 
  specimens 
  of 
  Vnio 
  tetralasmus, 
  a 
  pond 
  form 
  

   never 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Cliikaskia, 
  were 
  placed 
  in 
  the 
  Esch 
  inclosure. 
  Tliis 
  

   pen 
  was 
  made 
  by 
  fencing 
  across 
  a 
  side 
  channel 
  formed 
  by 
  a 
  long 
  bar. 
  

   The 
  channel 
  was 
  40 
  yards 
  long 
  and 
  from 
  4 
  to 
  6 
  yards 
  wide. 
  The 
  

   bottom 
  was 
  mostly 
  coarse 
  sand. 
  At 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  its 
  construction 
  

   there 
  was 
  a 
  regular 
  flow 
  of 
  water 
  through 
  the 
  channel, 
  the 
  depth 
  of 
  

   water 
  varying 
  from 
  a 
  few 
  inches 
  to 
  3 
  feet. 
  Lot 
  F 
  mussels 
  were 
  planted 
  

   June 
  23 
  to 
  28, 
  1910; 
  examined 
  and 
  rechecked 
  in 
  part 
  September 
  26, 
  

   1910, 
  April 
  11, 
  1911, 
  and 
  June 
  20 
  and 
  21, 
  1911. 
  

  

  GROWTH 
  RESULTS. 
  

  

  In 
  discussing 
  experiments 
  and 
  results, 
  we 
  will 
  first 
  consider 
  growth, 
  

   and 
  second, 
  migration 
  (p. 
  19). 
  

  

  The 
  results 
  have 
  shown 
  that 
  much 
  could 
  have 
  been 
  learned 
  from 
  

   a 
  smaller 
  number 
  of 
  specimens. 
  It 
  was 
  not 
  known, 
  however, 
  that 
  we 
  

   should 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  reclaim 
  so 
  large 
  a 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  specimens 
  first 
  

   planted. 
  Then, 
  too, 
  it 
  was 
  necessary 
  to 
  guard 
  against 
  loss 
  by 
  acci- 
  

   dents, 
  such 
  as 
  changes 
  in 
  course 
  of 
  streams, 
  drifting 
  sand, 
  drying 
  up 
  

   of 
  water, 
  and 
  other 
  possible 
  environmental 
  changes. 
  The 
  Shoofly 
  

   specimens 
  were 
  absolutely 
  unmolested; 
  only 
  three 
  dead 
  specimens 
  

   were 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  whole 
  lot, 
  and 
  these 
  had 
  all 
  started 
  to 
  grow, 
  showing 
  

   that 
  the 
  tagging 
  certainly 
  had 
  no 
  bad 
  effects. 
  The 
  Chikaskia 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  suffered 
  somewhat 
  from 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  hostile 
  environmental 
  factors 
  

  

  22889°— 
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