﻿WATEK-POWEK 
  DEVELOPMENT 
  IN 
  THE 
  MISSISSIPPI. 
  13 
  

  

  mile. 
  (PI. 
  II.) 
  In 
  practice 
  it 
  is 
  found 
  necessary 
  to 
  be 
  continually- 
  

   changing 
  the 
  gates 
  in 
  order 
  that 
  all 
  may 
  be 
  in 
  perfect 
  order 
  and 
  no 
  

   risk 
  be 
  run 
  of 
  any 
  gate 
  sticking 
  or 
  faihng 
  of 
  operation 
  at 
  a 
  critical 
  

   time. 
  The 
  gates 
  are 
  raised 
  or 
  lowered 
  by 
  traveling 
  cranes, 
  and 
  

   require 
  about 
  13 
  minutes 
  to 
  lower. 
  

  

  Accordingly, 
  as 
  regards 
  those 
  fishes 
  which 
  are 
  seeking 
  an 
  upstream 
  

   destination, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  their 
  course 
  may 
  be 
  determmed 
  by 
  the 
  spillway 
  

   current, 
  they 
  will 
  be 
  directed 
  toward 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  dam 
  or 
  to 
  the 
  

   outskirts 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  sea 
  of 
  raging 
  waters 
  (at 
  one 
  side 
  or 
  the 
  other, 
  or 
  

   midway 
  of 
  the 
  river), 
  where 
  in 
  any 
  case 
  they 
  are 
  confronted 
  by 
  an 
  

   impassable 
  barrier. 
  If 
  the 
  stream 
  is 
  suddenly 
  changed 
  by 
  the 
  closure 
  

   of 
  gates 
  at 
  one 
  place 
  and 
  openmg 
  of 
  others 
  in 
  another 
  part, 
  the 
  fish 
  

   may 
  be 
  left 
  in 
  enormous 
  quantities 
  in 
  the 
  suddenly 
  isolated 
  pools 
  

   among 
  the 
  rocks, 
  where 
  they 
  are 
  at 
  the 
  mercy 
  of 
  those 
  who 
  would 
  

   capture 
  them. 
  Just 
  this 
  condition 
  has 
  occurred 
  on 
  some 
  occasions 
  

   when 
  fish 
  could 
  be 
  taken 
  with 
  clubs 
  and 
  hay 
  forks 
  or 
  with 
  any 
  con- 
  

   venient 
  tool. 
  This 
  condition 
  is 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  inevitable, 
  but 
  its 
  recog- 
  

   nition 
  may 
  serve 
  to 
  suggest 
  the 
  necessity 
  for 
  care 
  that 
  the 
  condition 
  

   be 
  not 
  caused 
  imnecessarily. 
  In 
  any 
  case 
  stringent 
  measures 
  should 
  

   prohibit 
  the 
  slaughter 
  of 
  these 
  fish 
  and 
  provide 
  for 
  their 
  rescue 
  and 
  

   restoration 
  to 
  the 
  river. 
  It 
  is 
  probably 
  within 
  the 
  provmce 
  of 
  the 
  

   Government, 
  in 
  conjunction 
  with 
  the 
  power 
  company, 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  

   wanton 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  fish 
  left 
  suddenly 
  helpless 
  under 
  an 
  emer- 
  

   gency 
  condition. 
  

  

  THE 
  POWER 
  HOUSE. 
  

  

  The 
  power 
  house 
  is 
  of 
  great 
  importance, 
  not 
  only 
  as 
  the 
  actual 
  seat 
  

   of 
  the 
  machinery 
  which 
  converts 
  water 
  head 
  into 
  power 
  in 
  utdizable 
  

   form, 
  but 
  as 
  the 
  place 
  through 
  which 
  there 
  will 
  always 
  be 
  passing 
  a 
  

   considerable 
  quantity 
  of 
  water. 
  (PI. 
  iii.) 
  The 
  spiUways 
  of 
  the 
  

   dam, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  understood, 
  serve 
  only 
  to 
  supplement 
  the 
  flow 
  of 
  

   water 
  through 
  the 
  power 
  house, 
  taking 
  care 
  of 
  the 
  elements 
  of 
  fluc- 
  

   tuation 
  in 
  the 
  volume 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  and 
  of 
  variability 
  in 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  

   water 
  for 
  power. 
  

  

  The 
  power 
  house 
  is 
  not 
  alongshore, 
  but 
  arises 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  

   the 
  lake, 
  as 
  it 
  were, 
  forming 
  the 
  eastern 
  boundary 
  of 
  the 
  fore 
  bay, 
  

   for 
  about 
  one-third 
  of 
  a 
  mile 
  (pi. 
  i.) 
  Its 
  exact 
  length 
  as 
  designed 
  

   is 
  1,718 
  feet, 
  but 
  only 
  one 
  section 
  equal 
  to 
  one-half 
  of 
  this 
  length 
  

   is 
  now 
  completed. 
  The 
  foundation 
  walls 
  of 
  the 
  entire 
  building 
  are, 
  

   of 
  course, 
  in 
  place 
  as 
  an 
  essential 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  dam 
  as 
  a 
  whole. 
  The 
  

   outside 
  waU 
  of 
  the 
  building 
  toward 
  the 
  Iowa 
  shore 
  is 
  not 
  built 
  

   solid 
  to 
  the 
  bottom, 
  but 
  is 
  supported 
  on 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  arches, 
  so 
  that 
  

   the 
  water 
  from 
  the 
  fore 
  bay 
  has 
  free 
  access 
  to 
  an 
  inner 
  or 
  head 
  bay 
  

   within 
  the 
  building 
  and 
  extending 
  its 
  entire 
  length. 
  The 
  outer 
  wall 
  

   of 
  the 
  building, 
  facing 
  the 
  Illinois 
  shore, 
  rises 
  from 
  the 
  downstream 
  

  

  