﻿WATEE-POWEE 
  DEVELOPMENT 
  IN 
  THE 
  MISSISSIPPI. 
  19 
  

  

  water 
  in 
  the 
  lock 
  chamber 
  is 
  practically 
  stationary. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  sug- 
  

   gested 
  that 
  this 
  defect 
  miglit 
  be 
  remedied 
  by 
  providing 
  in 
  some 
  way 
  

   that 
  a 
  slow 
  but 
  practically 
  continuous 
  flow 
  of 
  water 
  might 
  prevail 
  

   through 
  the 
  lock. 
  

  

  (5) 
  There 
  are 
  factors 
  of 
  pressure 
  and 
  of 
  serious 
  disturbance 
  or 
  

   turbulence 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  which 
  may 
  have 
  significant 
  effect 
  upon 
  the 
  

   moving 
  tendencies 
  of 
  fish 
  in 
  the 
  locks. 
  

  

  (6) 
  The 
  lock 
  is 
  operated 
  on 
  an 
  average 
  about 
  nme 
  times 
  a 
  day, 
  

   during 
  the 
  season 
  of 
  navigation, 
  and 
  requires 
  from 
  15 
  to 
  30 
  minutes 
  

   for 
  the 
  passage 
  of 
  one 
  or 
  more 
  boats. 
  <^ 
  

  

  (7) 
  The 
  movements 
  of 
  fishes 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  subjected 
  to 
  rules, 
  nor 
  

   even 
  accurately 
  defined, 
  except 
  after 
  such 
  patient 
  and 
  systematic 
  

   observations 
  as 
  have 
  not 
  yet 
  been 
  made. 
  

  

  Any 
  fishway 
  to 
  be 
  effective, 
  must 
  receive 
  the 
  fish 
  at 
  some 
  point 
  of 
  

   convergence 
  and 
  give 
  them 
  practically 
  uninterrupted 
  opportunity 
  

   for 
  ascent. 
  The 
  fishway 
  should 
  be 
  in 
  operation 
  at 
  least 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  

   the 
  ice 
  goes 
  out 
  in 
  sprmg, 
  and 
  preferably 
  sooner, 
  and 
  it 
  should 
  be 
  so 
  

   attended 
  and 
  cared 
  for 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  always 
  in 
  unobstructed 
  condition. 
  

   The 
  lock 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  meet 
  these 
  conditions. 
  

  

  The 
  engineermg 
  difficulties 
  of 
  providmg 
  an 
  effective 
  fishway 
  over 
  

   a 
  dam 
  40 
  feet 
  high 
  and 
  a 
  mile 
  wide 
  are 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  underestimated, 
  and 
  

   must 
  be 
  given 
  careful 
  consideration. 
  Were 
  it 
  an 
  impossibility 
  to 
  

   have 
  a 
  fishway 
  under 
  these 
  circumstances, 
  we 
  should 
  simply 
  have 
  to 
  

   fall 
  back 
  upon 
  the 
  law 
  of 
  compensation 
  and 
  accept 
  a 
  great 
  loss 
  in 
  

   exchange 
  for 
  a 
  greater 
  benefit. 
  The 
  stakes 
  to 
  be 
  lost 
  are, 
  however, 
  

   perhaps 
  greater 
  than 
  may 
  at 
  first 
  be 
  supposed. 
  The 
  reduction 
  of 
  

   important 
  fisheries 
  in 
  the 
  entire 
  upper 
  Mississippi 
  and 
  the 
  possible 
  

   extmction 
  of 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  valuable 
  mussels 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  portion 
  of 
  

   the 
  stream 
  are 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  lightly 
  considered. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  not 
  impossible 
  to 
  suppose 
  that 
  practically 
  all 
  fish 
  that 
  

   approach 
  the 
  lower 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  tail-race 
  could 
  be 
  made 
  to 
  converge 
  

   toward 
  the 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  lock 
  or 
  its 
  juncture 
  with 
  the 
  power 
  house. 
  

   It 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  an 
  open 
  weir 
  of 
  coarse-meshed 
  wire 
  netting 
  

   stretched 
  out 
  as 
  a 
  wing 
  from 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  lock 
  entirely 
  across 
  the 
  

   stream 
  below 
  the 
  tail-race 
  would 
  accomplish 
  this 
  purpose. 
  The 
  

   feasibility 
  of 
  this 
  is 
  suggested 
  by 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  tail-race 
  is 
  so 
  

   largely 
  free 
  from 
  dangerous 
  drift 
  materials. 
  A 
  decided 
  downstream 
  

   angle 
  to 
  the 
  wing 
  net 
  would 
  not 
  only 
  mcrease 
  its 
  efficiency 
  but 
  would 
  

   facilitate 
  the 
  passage 
  around 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  weir 
  of 
  the 
  drift 
  not 
  

   screened 
  out 
  above, 
  even 
  if 
  some 
  attention 
  were 
  required 
  to 
  insure 
  

   such 
  clearance. 
  

  

  The 
  desirability 
  of 
  a 
  fishway 
  at 
  any 
  point 
  depends 
  upon 
  determina- 
  

   tion 
  by 
  experiment 
  as 
  to 
  whether 
  a 
  large 
  proportion 
  of 
  the 
  fish 
  could 
  be 
  

  

  a 
  Records 
  from 
  the 
  lockmaster's 
  book 
  for 
  a 
  period 
  of 
  46 
  days 
  show 
  224 
  lockings 
  "down" 
  and 
  191 
  lockings 
  

   "up," 
  or 
  a 
  total 
  of 
  415 
  operations. 
  

  

  