﻿WATER-POWER 
  DEVELOPMENT 
  IN 
  THE 
  MISSISSIPPI. 
  21 
  

  

  by 
  the 
  proximity 
  of 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  fishway 
  to 
  the 
  power 
  house 
  and 
  

   the 
  present 
  ice 
  fender. 
  

  

  The 
  possibihty 
  of 
  a 
  dipnet 
  and 
  hoist 
  operated 
  at 
  the 
  angle 
  of 
  power- 
  

   house 
  and 
  dam, 
  or 
  elsewhere, 
  is 
  suggested 
  by 
  the 
  congregation 
  of 
  fish 
  

   in 
  such 
  places. 
  None 
  of 
  the 
  suggestions 
  mentioned 
  in 
  this 
  section 
  is 
  

   offered 
  as 
  a 
  practical 
  solution 
  of 
  the 
  problem; 
  rather 
  as 
  indicating 
  

   some 
  possible 
  lines 
  of 
  preliminary 
  experiment. 
  

  

  Finally, 
  the 
  question 
  is 
  sometimes 
  asked 
  if 
  fish 
  in 
  migration 
  are 
  

   worldng 
  along 
  the 
  bottom 
  or 
  near 
  the 
  surface. 
  The 
  answer 
  is 
  that 
  

   there 
  are 
  bottom-loving 
  fishes 
  and 
  surface 
  fishes. 
  The 
  essential 
  fact 
  is 
  

   that 
  a 
  fishway 
  is 
  intended 
  for 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  fish 
  working 
  upstream, 
  or 
  

   those 
  engaged 
  upon 
  the 
  return 
  journey. 
  Consequently 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  

   located 
  at 
  a 
  point 
  that 
  fish 
  naturally 
  approach 
  in 
  fighting 
  a 
  current. 
  

   Needless 
  to 
  say, 
  it 
  should 
  operate 
  continuously, 
  and 
  not 
  intermit- 
  

   tently, 
  unless 
  the 
  fish 
  were 
  prevented 
  in 
  some 
  way 
  from 
  seeking 
  

   another 
  place 
  while 
  waiting 
  for 
  the 
  opening 
  of 
  the 
  way. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  much 
  easier 
  to 
  proclaim 
  the 
  desirability 
  of 
  a 
  fishway 
  than 
  to 
  

   say 
  what 
  sort 
  of 
  a 
  fishway 
  and 
  what 
  location 
  for 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  practi- 
  

   cally 
  effective. 
  The 
  problem 
  which 
  is 
  raised 
  is 
  simply 
  this: 
  To 
  deter- 
  

   mine 
  by 
  continued 
  observation 
  under 
  varying 
  conditions 
  at 
  what 
  

   points 
  the 
  fish 
  naturally 
  converge 
  or 
  may, 
  by 
  artificial 
  means, 
  be 
  

   made 
  to 
  converge 
  ; 
  then 
  to 
  inquire 
  what 
  sort 
  of 
  passageway 
  would 
  be 
  

   practicable 
  and 
  effective 
  to 
  permit 
  and 
  encourage 
  ascending 
  fishes 
  to 
  

   rise 
  from 
  the 
  river 
  to 
  the 
  lake. 
  When 
  these 
  questions 
  are 
  given 
  a 
  

   definite 
  answer, 
  intelligent 
  action 
  can 
  follow. 
  If 
  the 
  end 
  is 
  neces- 
  

   sary, 
  and 
  practicable 
  of 
  attainment, 
  it 
  is 
  worth 
  expense 
  ; 
  if 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  

   found 
  feasible 
  to 
  converge 
  and 
  give 
  reasonably 
  free 
  passage 
  to 
  migra- 
  

   tory 
  fish, 
  it 
  is 
  useless 
  to 
  waste 
  relatively 
  large 
  sums 
  for 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  

   "fishway." 
  The 
  whole 
  matter 
  at 
  this 
  stage 
  may 
  be 
  expressed 
  as 
  a 
  

   biological 
  problem, 
  definitive 
  answer 
  to 
  which 
  should 
  not 
  and 
  can 
  not 
  

   be 
  given 
  except 
  on 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  further 
  experience. 
  

  

  LAKE 
  COOPER. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  indeed 
  desirable 
  that 
  ascending 
  fish 
  should 
  have 
  access 
  to 
  the 
  

   great 
  breeding 
  grounds 
  of 
  Lake 
  Cooper. 
  Regarding 
  the 
  lake, 
  it 
  is 
  

   not 
  pertinent 
  in 
  this 
  connection 
  to 
  add 
  much 
  to 
  the 
  references 
  made 
  

   in 
  the 
  introduction 
  concerning 
  its 
  relation 
  to 
  fish 
  and 
  mussel 
  Hfe. 
  

  

  As 
  a 
  region 
  of 
  repressed 
  and 
  relatively 
  slack 
  water. 
  Lake 
  Cooper 
  

   extends 
  above 
  Burlington, 
  Iowa, 
  with 
  a 
  length 
  of 
  65 
  miles 
  and 
  a 
  

   width 
  of 
  1 
  to 
  3 
  miles. 
  It 
  will 
  not 
  here 
  be 
  discussed 
  except 
  to 
  remark 
  

   that 
  it 
  has 
  caused 
  the 
  submergence 
  of 
  many 
  islands 
  and 
  low-lying 
  

   shoreland 
  and 
  formed 
  numerous 
  deep 
  coves 
  and 
  bays. 
  Much 
  of 
  the 
  

   submerged 
  farming 
  lands 
  of 
  high 
  value 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  reclaimed 
  by 
  systems 
  

   of 
  levees 
  and 
  drainage. 
  The 
  growth 
  of 
  trees 
  upon 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  flooded 
  

   islands 
  and 
  shores 
  has 
  been 
  removed 
  by 
  the 
  company 
  that 
  there 
  

  

  