﻿26 
  WATEK-POWER 
  DEVELOPMENT 
  IN 
  THE 
  MISSISSIPPI. 
  

  

  the 
  outer 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  spillway 
  in 
  use, 
  which 
  was 
  about 
  700 
  feet 
  

   from 
  the 
  power 
  house, 
  there 
  were 
  considerable 
  numbers 
  of 
  herring. 
  

   From 
  this 
  point 
  to 
  the 
  Illinois 
  shore, 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  about 
  two-thirds 
  

   of 
  a 
  mile, 
  not 
  a 
  single 
  herring 
  was 
  in 
  evidence. 
  It 
  was 
  evident, 
  there- 
  

   fore, 
  that 
  the 
  herring 
  had 
  been 
  guided 
  by 
  the 
  moving 
  water, 
  so 
  that 
  

   they 
  had 
  in 
  consec[uence 
  assembled 
  in 
  such 
  remarkable 
  numbers 
  on 
  

   each 
  flank 
  of 
  the 
  stream 
  below 
  the 
  open 
  spillways, 
  many 
  more 
  being 
  

   guided 
  to 
  the 
  eastward 
  side 
  by 
  the 
  strong 
  current 
  from 
  the 
  turbines. 
  

  

  Opportunity 
  to 
  observe 
  whether 
  they 
  could 
  breast 
  the 
  strong 
  cur- 
  

   rent 
  was 
  favored 
  by 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  there 
  were 
  three 
  closed 
  spillways 
  

   between 
  three 
  open 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  and 
  nine 
  open 
  on 
  the 
  west; 
  thus 
  there 
  

   was 
  a 
  triangle 
  of 
  relatively 
  slack 
  water 
  between 
  two 
  strong 
  currents 
  

   which 
  met 
  a 
  short 
  distance 
  below. 
  To 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  westward 
  

   current 
  fish 
  were 
  abundant; 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  eastward 
  current 
  they 
  

   were 
  still 
  more 
  abundant; 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  triangle 
  between 
  not 
  one 
  fish 
  

   could 
  be 
  seen. 
  It 
  was 
  evident, 
  therefore, 
  that 
  the 
  power 
  of 
  the 
  cur- 
  

   rents 
  below 
  the 
  spillways 
  proved 
  an 
  effective 
  barrier 
  to 
  the 
  lateral 
  

   movements 
  of 
  the 
  fish 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  below^ 
  the 
  dam; 
  otherwise 
  

   not 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  fish 
  would 
  have 
  been 
  on 
  the 
  right 
  side 
  of 
  one 
  current 
  

   and 
  on 
  the 
  left 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  other. 
  

  

  The 
  powerful 
  currents 
  caused 
  slight 
  eddies 
  on 
  each 
  side, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  

   dead 
  w^ater 
  at 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  dam 
  on 
  either 
  side 
  was 
  continually 
  

   being 
  drawn 
  into 
  the 
  spillway 
  streams. 
  The 
  fish 
  were 
  also 
  drawn 
  in, 
  

   and 
  it 
  was 
  easily 
  observed 
  that 
  the 
  velocity 
  of 
  the 
  streams 
  made 
  them 
  

   perfectly 
  helpless. 
  As 
  soon 
  as 
  they 
  passed 
  into 
  this 
  stream 
  they 
  were 
  

   thrown 
  up 
  in 
  the 
  foam 
  and 
  spray 
  and 
  often 
  hurled 
  20 
  feet 
  or 
  more, 
  

   back, 
  sides, 
  or 
  under 
  parts 
  up, 
  to 
  be 
  carried 
  off 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  they 
  fell. 
  

   Presumably 
  no 
  injuries 
  were 
  received, 
  as 
  no 
  dead 
  or 
  injured 
  fish 
  were 
  

   observed 
  in 
  the 
  river 
  below. 
  No 
  fish, 
  as 
  previously 
  indicated, 
  were 
  

   drawn 
  in 
  from 
  the 
  slack 
  water 
  between 
  the 
  easterly 
  spillways 
  and 
  the 
  

   westerly, 
  although 
  similar 
  eddies 
  prevailed 
  here. 
  

  

  It 
  was 
  observed 
  that 
  the 
  roe 
  of 
  the 
  herring 
  was 
  large, 
  and 
  it 
  was 
  

   thought 
  that 
  they 
  would 
  ripen 
  within 
  a 
  few 
  weeks. 
  A 
  visit 
  was 
  made 
  

   by 
  Superintendent 
  Canfield 
  May 
  29, 
  and 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  herring 
  were 
  

   examined, 
  but 
  they 
  were 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  not 
  quite 
  ready 
  for 
  spawning. 
  A 
  

   later 
  visit 
  was 
  made 
  by 
  Mr. 
  W. 
  B. 
  Gorliam, 
  June 
  11 
  and 
  12, 
  when 
  it 
  

   was 
  found 
  that 
  the 
  herring 
  had 
  disappeared. 
  This 
  disappearance 
  had 
  

   not 
  been 
  noticed 
  by 
  the 
  local 
  fishermen 
  for 
  the 
  reason 
  that 
  there 
  were 
  

   present 
  in 
  large 
  numbers 
  the 
  Ohio 
  shad, 
  Alosa 
  ohiensis, 
  which 
  is 
  not 
  

   generally, 
  if 
  ever, 
  distinguished 
  by 
  fishermen 
  from 
  the 
  herring. 
  There 
  

   was 
  no 
  clue, 
  therefore, 
  as 
  to 
  what 
  had 
  become 
  of 
  the 
  herring." 
  Later 
  

   observations 
  at 
  Lake 
  Pepin 
  are 
  mentioned 
  below. 
  

  

  The 
  gathering 
  of 
  herring 
  in 
  such 
  enormous 
  numbers 
  at 
  Keokuk 
  i» 
  

   of 
  particular 
  interest 
  from 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  this 
  fish 
  has 
  never 
  been 
  gen- 
  

  

  a 
  Later 
  observations 
  (in 
  August) 
  indicate 
  that 
  the 
  disappearance 
  was 
  only 
  temporary. 
  

  

  