26 BUREAU OF AMEEICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 56 



The hairless dogs of Mexico, Peru, and South America, of several 

 kinds, existed there when the Spaniards landed, according to various 

 accounts.^ All Peruvian dogs are said to have been derived from 

 the Inca shepherd dog.^ The Eskimo dog was described as early as 

 1647, and in various parts of the north polar region, races or tribes have 

 developed quite different systems of calls for the du-ection of their dog 

 teams, indicating long use.^ The Flatheads,"* Menomini,^ and many 

 other Indians mention dogs in their myths, but uidess we know the 

 age of the myths, which may have incorporated references to the 

 dog after the invasion of the whites, they arc of little value hi this 

 connection. The Pima have a myth giving the origm of the horse,* 

 which was surely introduced. However, it is not likely that such a 

 myth as the white dog and woman myth'' could be so widespread 

 unless very ancient. 



McGee ^ says : 



It is significant, that the Dakota word for horse {suk-lay'-ka or suy-ka' -wa-kay) 

 is composed of the word ioxdog{siiv'-ka), with an affix indicating greatness, sacredness 

 or mystery . . . and that several terms for harness and other appurtenances 

 correspond with those used for the gear of the dog when used as a draft animal. This 

 terminology corroborates the direct evidence that the dog was domesticated by the 

 Siouan aborigines long before the advent of the horse. 



Bones of dogs have been reported from the ancient kitchen-middens 

 of the Atlantic coast, and bones of other animals apparently bearing 

 the tooth-marks of dogs." 



The De Soto expedition in 1539-1542, witliin half a century after 

 the landing of Columbus, at an Indian village in the mountains of 

 Georgia or South Carolina was 'Svelcomed in a friendly manner, the 

 Indians giving them a little corn and many wild turkeys, together 

 with some dogs of a peculiar small species, which were bred for eating 

 purposes and did not bark." ^^ 



In the reports of the Coronado expedition to the Southwest from 

 1540 to 1542, the same period covered by De Soto in the Southeast, 

 dogs were reported in abundant use as beasts of burden by the 

 Indians of the Staked Plains and elsewhere." 



1 Lockington, W. N., The Riverside Natural History, article on Camivorae. 



2 Brinton, Daniel 0., The American Race, p. 212, 1S91. 



3 Langkavel, B., Dogs and Savages, Smithsonian Rep. for 189S, p. 659-60, 1899. 

 < Ibid., p. 651. 



6 Hoffman, Walter James, The Menomini Indians, Fourteenth Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethn., pt. I, 

 pp. 179-194, 1896. 



« Russell, Frank, The Pima Indians, Twenty-sixth Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethn., p. 241, 1908. 



7 Dorsey, George A., and Kroeber, Alfred L., Traditions of the Arapaho.Pwft. no. 81, Field CoLumbian 

 Muxeum, v, pp. 207-09, 1903. 



8 McGee, W J, Siouan Indians, Fifteenth Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethn., p. 174, 1897. 



9 Marquis de Nadaillac, Pre-historic America, pp. 49-50, 535, 1895. 



10 Mooncy, James, Myths of the Cherokee, Nineteenth Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethn., ])t. I, p. 25, 1900 

 (quoting Ranjel). 



u Langkavel, B., op. cit., p. 601. Winship, George Parker, The Coronado Expedition, 1540-1542, Four- 

 teenth Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethn., pt. I, pp. 401, 405, 504, 507, 527, 570, 578, 1896, 



