40 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bdll. 5C 



l)luisli-<]jraY, the head a trifle darker than the back, lighter bkie 

 below, tail shorter than wmg; the Woodhouse jay not bhiish below, 

 wing shorter than tail. They are both abundant among the pinon 

 pines and cedars of the mesas. We did not observe them in the 

 mountains and seldom in the canyons. The name "pinonero" is 

 applied to both species by the Mexicans, who do not distinguish them 

 aj)art and find l)oth together among the pinon piiies, though Coues 

 and other ornithologists have assimied that it meant only the pinon 

 jay. It is to these two species, probably, that Bandelier refers* 

 when he says: "These trees are also beset l)y flocks of the Picicorvus 

 columbinus {c'dWed Pifionero in Spanish and sho-hak-ka m Queres), a 

 handsome bird, which ruthlessly plunders the nut-bearmg pines, 

 uttermg discordant shrieks and piercing cries." These two jays 

 have always been found in large numbers ui such situations and 

 could not have escaped his notice, while Clarke's nutcracker, whose 

 former technical name Bandelier used, was not noted by us anywhere 

 in the pinon-cedar belt and would not be so likely to occur there. 



Se-. 



Perisoreus canadensis capitalis Ridgway. Rocky Mountain Jay. 

 This jay, about the size of the precedmg species, is very sunilar to 

 the gray Canada jay or "whisky jack" of the Northeastern States, 

 but its head is almost entirely white. Northern New Mexico is 

 included within its range, but it would likely occur only m the highest 

 mountains except in the winter. 



V4o. 



Corvus hrachyrhynchos hrachyrhynchos Brehm. Crow, 



The Tewa appear to designate crow and raven by this one name. 

 Mrs. Stevenson- gives "kaka" as the Zufii word meaning "raven" 

 (or crow?). Cusliing ^ tells the Zuni story of the origin of the crow, 

 in which he says "they (the crows) flew away laughing Ka-lia, Ka- 

 ha, as they've laughed ever since." The imitated call is interesting 

 in connection with the Zuni name for crow. In the same article 

 Cushing tells how the Zuni keep crows away from sprouting corn by 

 means of scarecrows. 



As Crow clans at various pueblos Hodge gives: Jemez, Kyialish; 

 Pecos, Kyid'hl+; Sia, ScMra-hdno; San Felipe, ScJiirld-hdno. 



A number of crows were seen and heard in the Jemez Mountains, 

 near Valle Grande, perhaps of this form which is reported on the 

 Pecos, to the eastward, by Mrs. Bailey, though they may be of the 

 western form, C. h. hesperis Ridgway. The white-necked raven (Cor-^ 



1 Bandelier, A. F., Final Report, pt. i, Papers Archseol. Inst. Amer., Amer. Ser., iv, p. 150, 1892.. 



2 Stevenson, M. C, The Zuni Indians, Tiocnty-third Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Ethn., p. 51, 1904. 

 8 Cushing, F. H., Zuni Breadstufl, The Millstone, May, 1SS4, pp. 77-78, 



