36 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 184 
TaBLE 1.—Population of Sia! 
No. | Year | Population || No. | Year | Population 
1 | 1694 279 13 | 1881 58 
2| 1706 500 14] 1890 106 
3 | 1730 318 15 | 1900 114 
4] 1760 568 16 | 1910 109 
5 | 1776 416 17 | 1920 140 
6 | 1790 275 18 | 1925 157 
7 | 1808 278 19 | 1930 177 
8} 1850 124 20 | 1936 203 
9 | 1860 115 21} 1942 235 
10 | 1871 121 22 | 1948 269 
11 | 1879 115 23 | 1953 298 
12] 1880 92 24 | 1957 327 
1 Sources of the data by No.: (1) Espinosa, 1942, p. 216; (2) Hackett, ed., 1937, p. 376; (3) Adams, ed., 1954, 
p. 97; (4) ibid., p. 66; (5) Dominguez, 1956, p. 175; (6) Rep. Com. Ind. Aff. for 1867, p. 213; (7) ibid.; (8) ibid.; 
(9) U.S. Bur. Cens., 1864, p. 570; (10) Rep. Com. Ind. Aff. for 1871, p. 388; (11) Rep. Com. Ind. Aff. for 1879, 
pp. 118, 238; (12) Bandelier’s letter (unpublished) to Charles Eliot Norton, dated Cochiti, Dec. 11, 1880; 
(13) U.S. Bur. Cens., 1915, p. 86; also, Rep. Com. Ind. Aff. for 1881, p. 140; (14) Poore, 1894, p. 420; Rep. 
Com. Ind. Aff. for 1890, p. 543; (15) Rep. Com. Ind. Aff. for 1900, p. 292; (16) U.S. Bur. Cens., 1915, p. 15; 
(17) U.S. Sen., 1932, pt. 19, p. 9887; (18) ibid.; (19) ibid.; (20) United Pueblos Agency; (21) Aberle, 1948, 
p. 90; (22) United Pueblos Agency; (23) ibid.; (24) White’s census. 
I have no way of evaluating the data in table 1, but I am inclined 
to believe that the later figures are more accurate than the earlier 
ones. It is apparent that Sia suffered a very substantial decline in 
population between the middle of the 18th century and the middle of 
the 19th century; there appears to have been a marked drop during 
the first half of the 19th century. It is difficult to believe that the 
population shrank to only 58 persons in 1881, in view of the census of 
1879 and Bandelier’s count in 1880. Since the turn of the century 
the population of Sia has been growing; it increased 187 percent 
between 1900 and 1957, 84 percent between 1930 and 1957. The 
figure for 1957 is from a careful census made by myself, using, of 
course, data from the Indian agency. During the course of my study 
of Sia, I compiled a file in which I had a card for everyone, living or 
dead, who has lived in Sia, either as a native or as an outsider who had 
married into the pueblo, and about whom I could get reliable infor- 
mation. Data on these cards included such items as names, both 
Indian and White; date of birth, names of parents, siblings, spouses, 
children; clan affiliation; membership in societies; offices held; and 
miscellaneous information of significance. My file comprises a ver- 
itable ‘“Who’s Who in Sia.” 
The population of Sia, by age and sex, for 1930 and for 1957 is 
shown in table 2. The data of this table are presented graphically 
in figures 4, 5, and 6. Figure 4 shows that the percentage of people, 
of both sexes, below the age of 36 was considerably less in 1930 
than in 1957, whereas the reverse was the case, but to a lesser extent, 
for ages above 36. The percentage of the population under 1 year 
in 1930 was greater than that for 1957: 3.4 percent as compared 
with 1.5 percent. Similarly, the percentage of people under the age ~ 
of 4 in 1930 was greater than that in 1957: 14.1 percent as compared 
