White] THE PUEBLO OF SIA, NEW MEXICO 87 
and the percentage of crops sold has been increasing. Thus, 20 per- 
cent of the corn crop in 1941 was sold; 53 percent, in 1951. Seven 
percent of wheat grown in 1941 was sold; 66 percent, in 1949. Rela- 
tively little alfalfa is sold, however; none at all in many years. Our 
data on beans are meager, but they indicate that 20 percent was sold 
in 1941; 71 percent in 1949. Ten percent of the chili crop in 1941 
was sold; in 1951 the percentage was 77; but in 1956 it was 41. The 
reasons why such large portions of agricultural produce—especially 
corn and wheat, which could be eaten in the pueblo—are sold are not 
clear, and J had insufficient opportunity to investigate the subject. 
One answer readily suggests itself, namely, the need for cash with 
which to purchase needed supplies, including food such as sugar, 
coffee, and lard. 
In addition to field crops, onions, cabbage, potatoes (Solanum 
tuberosum), watermelons, cantaloups, and squash are grown in gardens; 
apples, peaches, cherries, and grapes are produced in relatively small 
quantities (White, 1945). Acreage devoted to gardens (irrigated) 
ranges from about 5 (1941) to 13.5 acres (1956). 
STOCKRAISING VS. FARMING 
In comparison with the nearby pueblos of Jemez, Santa Ana, and 
San Felipe, Sia has placed greater emphasis on stockraising and 
correspondingly less on field crops, despite the fact that, according to 
Superintendent Towers, they “have one of the poorest ranges in this 
part of the country” (U.S. Senate, 1932, pt. 19, p. 9879). This 
emphasis is reflected in the greater extent to which cowboy boots 
and other pastoral attire have been worn in Sia. Among the above- 
named four pueblos in 1930, Sia was first in number of cattle per 
capita, 2.0 head, followed by Santa Ana, 1.7, and San Felipe third 
with 0.7 head. Sia led in number of sheep and goats per capita, 
having 8.50; San Felipe came next with 5.7, and Jemez, third with 
0.5 head. With regard to horses, Jemez had 0.6 head per capita, 
Sia, 0.5; Santa Ana, 0.4. Sia was far ahead in number of cattle and 
sheep and goats per capita, with 10.5; San Felipe had 6.3; Santa Ana, 
1.7. And for horses, cattle, and sheep and goats, Sia had 11.0 head 
per capita; San Felipe, 6.7; Santa Ana, 2.1. Thus, Sia was markedly 
ahead of its neighbors in the extent to which it owned livestock in 
1930. 
With regard to total value per capita of three crops produced in 
1930, viz, wheat, corn, and alfalfa, Sia fell far behind Jemez, Santa 
Ana, and San Felipe. Jemez led with $63.10 per capita; San Felipe 
was next with $54.70; Santa Ana had $37.80; Sia came last with only 
$27.90 per capita. 
