White] THE PUEBLO OF SIA, NEW MEXICO 191 
sister’s son?” “I don’t know. I don’t have a sister.’”” Genealogies 
of informants were used as far as possible, but even then difficulties 
were encountered and demonstrable errors were made. 
I obtained several lists of relationship terms, more or less complete, 
from a number of informants in 1941, 1952, and 1957. When collated 
they show marked similarities, or identities, at some points and great 
variation at others. There was virtual unanimity with regard to 
terms for one’s own immediate relatives: father, mother, son, daugh- 
ter, and brother and sister. But I obtained five quite different 
terms for sister’s daughter’s daughter, and two or three terms each 
for some other relatives. Some of this variation is unquestionably 
due to error and misunderstanding. But part of it, without doubt, 
is due to actual variation of usage; the kinship system has been 
undergoing change at Sia. 
Although I had no female informants for religious and ceremonial 
subjects, I obtained kinship terms from two women among the 
Sia heretics in Albuquerque. 
Instead of presenting all of my data, I have selected those terms 
which, in my judgment, most reliably express usage in Sia in the 
years above indicated. Use of terms is indicated in the following 
figures in which letters have been substituted for the terms them- 
selves. Most relationship terms are prefixed with a possessive per- 
sonal pronoun: sa-, my; ka-, his, etc., either in direct or indirect 
address. A few terms, used in direct address only, are used without 
the possessive prefix: omoye, yaya, tcitci, and papa. In the following 
list of terms, m. sp. means ‘“‘man speaking’’; w. sp., ‘“woman speaking”’; 
and m. w. sp., ‘used by both men and women.” The notation “m. 
sp.” or “‘w. sp.” does not necessarily mean, however, that the term is 
not used by the opposite sex; when we are sure that a term is used 
by one sex only we shall make this fact explicit. 
TERMS OF CONSANGUINITY 
sanaicpia (A), ‘father’; indirect address and possibly direct also; m. 
WwW. sp. 
omoye (B), ‘father’; direct address only; m. sp. only. sanaicpia 
and omoye appear to correspond with “father” and “dad,” 
respectively, in our society. 
papa (K), ‘father,’ direct address only; w. (only) sp. 
sanaiya (C), ‘‘mother’’; indirect address and possibly direct also; m. 
Ww. sp. 
yaya (D), “mother”; direct address only; m. and probably w. sp. 
Some articles of religious paraphernalia are called yaya. 
sapyum (E), “brother”; direct and indirect address; m. (only) sp. 
