244 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 184 
munyi or the War chief to ask for them. When they do come it is 
usually at Easter time, and always as side dancers of Deer or Duck 
katsina. 
Hopopo and Wikori are dangerous katsina. They are always 
angry. They carry deer horns with which they may stab any ordi- 
nary person they may encounter. No one, therefore, is allowed to 
meet them when they enter the pueblo until they reach Gacitiwa, the 
sacred place in the north plaza, where Tiamunyi or War chief, or both, 
greet them. Wikor precedes Hopopo as they enter; the former 
carries a spruce cane. These katsina are so dangerous that there are 
rituals to pacify them, to keep them from injuring people. No 
sketches. 
FIRE SOCIETY 
Cakak* (the supernatural of the north). (fig. 31.) Line dancer; 
12 masks. Unspun cotton on top of mask, and above this is a head- 
piece resembling the tablita worn by women in the dance for the saint 
on August 15; on top of the headpiece are white clouds; on Cakak’s 
left side, this headpiece is sea blue; the other side is white; the snakes 
have red heads and red and yellow bodies. The right side of Cakak’s 
face is blue green; the other side, sea blue; the designs between the 
ears and the eyes are yellow; the clouds at the top of the face are, 
alternating, red and yellow; the vertical band in the middle of the 
face is black with white circles; spruce collar. 
Cei-ca or Cxica (elk, Cervus canadensis). (Fig. 31.) Line dancer; 
5 masks. Blue-green face and snout; inside of mouth, black; horns 
are of wood and grayish white; 2 parrot tails, and a bunch of parrot 
body feathers at back of mask; spruce collar. 
Heruta. (Fig. 31.) Side dancer; 1 mask. Black face with blue- 
green moon on forehead; the lines which extend from eyes and mouth 
are of various colors; black hair (unindentified) and short turkey 
body feathers on top of mask; mouth twisted on one side. Heruta is 
the ‘‘chief of the katsina,’”’ and leads them in all their dances; he is 
left-handed; carries nothing in his hands; wears no footgear. 
Merinako (blue-green woman). Eight or 10 masks; they come 
sometimes with Cakak. Mask is like that of Kotcininako except for 
color of face. 
Cka’ac (one informant said it may be called Nawic, also). (Fig. 
32.) Side dancer; 1 mask. This is a small mask and can be worn 
only by asmall boy. Since it is not easy to find a young boy who can 
be entrusted with the secrets of the Katsina, this mask is used infre- 
quently. The center of the face is blue green. This is surrounded by 
a vermilion band; the rest of the mask is black with white circles. On 
top of the mask are spruce twigs and a bunch of owl feathers, with a 
turkey wing feather on either side; spruce collar. 
