White] THE PUEBLO OF SIA, NEW MEXICO 275 
occasions. This is accompanied by visitations of the people to houses 
of persons who bear the name of the saint whose day is being cele- 
brated; here his relatives throw food, dishes, candy, tobacco, clothing, 
etc., from the housetop to the crowd below, who scramble for the 
prizes; the lucky ones get ianyi as well as the prize (see White, 1942 a, 
pp. 255-256 for a description of these rituals at Santa Ana which are 
exactly like those at Sia). 
GALLO, OR ROOSTER PULL 
Gallo, or rooster pull, is performed in all the Keresan pueblos—at 
Jemez, Isleta, and undoubtedly other pueblos; Parsons (1939, p. 1108) 
says that it is found among the Papago. It may be witnessed by 
anyone. It has been described more or less fully by many observers, 
yet it is still but little understood. I believe ethnographers have 
been inclined to neglect it for two reasons. First, because much 
of it seems to be carried out in a frivolous, recreational manner, 
which suggest that it is not very important. And, second, because 
it contains so many Spanish-Catholic elements they have tended to 
dismiss it as a rather inconsequential ‘‘Mexicanism.” Enough is 
known about it, however, to make it clear that it is a serious, and 
even important, religious event. The conceptions of which the rituals 
are an expression have been most fully set forth, I believe, in my 
account for Santa Ana (White, 1942 a, pp. 263-267). Other accounts 
may be found in Bourke (1884, p. 51); Poore (1894, p. 439); White 
(1935, pp. 155-158); Lange (1959, passim) ; and Parsons (1925, p. 95). 
After this preface, the reader may be disappointed not to find an 
exhaustive and illuminating account of this ceremony at Sia. As a 
matter of fact, I did not study the gallo ritual at Sia at all, although 
I witnessed it upon two or three occasions. ‘These observations, plus 
brief discussions with informants, led me to conclude—reasonably, I 
believe—that it was essentially like the ceremony at Santa Ana. I 
therefore devoted my time with informants to other matters. I did, 
however, observe one ritual which I had not known about before; I 
will add it to the following brief characterization of the gallo cere- 
mony in general. 
The rooster pull is associated with Santiago, who is an important 
maiyanyi (beneficent supernatural being) among the Keres. The 
principal features of the ceremony are as follows: a rooster is buried 
in the sand with only his head and neck protruding; horsemen gallop 
by the rooster, one by one, until a rider succeeds in snatching him by 
the neck and pulling him out of the sand; a fight among the horsemen 
ensues in which the man who holds the rooster strikes other riders 
with it; he also uses it as a quirt to whip his horse; when another 
rider succeeds in grabbing the rooster a tussle for its possession follows. 
