32 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 179 



shaped ones have small, shallow depressions or "pits" on both faces. 



Hones (pi. 13, e). — Two pieces of sandstone are grooved in such a 

 manner as to suggest that they were used as hones for sharpening 

 bone or wooden implements. The larger one has five parallel grooves 

 on one face and one groove on the opposing face. The smaller one 

 has three parallel grooves on one face, none on the other. 



Miscellaneous ground stone artifacts. — ^A roughly spherical, sand- 

 stone ball (pi. 13, /), approximately 2 cm. in diameter, was found. 

 Its use is unknown. 



There is one full-grooved sandstone maul or hammerstone (pi. 

 13, g). It is relatively small for a maul — 5 cm. long, 3.5 cm. wide, 

 and 2.5 cm. thick — but there is evidence of considerable battering at 

 both ends. It was probably hafted and used for some sort of light 

 percussion, perhaps for crushing nutshells. 



Fragments of hematite were encountered throughout the digging. 

 Some of them have smooth facets, evidently a result of grating the 

 red pigment for use in preparing paint. 



POLISHED STONE ARTIFACTS 



Celts. — Three celts (pi. 14, a-c) were found, one of them a thin, 

 flat, elongated, waterworn pebble with one end chipped to a broad, 

 convex edge that was then smoothed. The body is unworked. The 

 specimen is 6.5 cm. long, 7 mm. thick, 4 cm. wide at the bit, and 

 tapers slightly to a width of 3.3 cm. at the base. Similar celts made 

 from flat, waterworn pebbles have been observed in collections from 

 the vicinity of Texarkana. 



One of the other celts is made of the hard grayish-green stone used 

 so frequently for celts in the Caddoan Area. It is oval in cross 

 section and tapers from a width of 4.1 cm. at the bit to 2.2 cm. at 

 the rounded base. Thickness is 3 cm. and length 8 cm. The body 

 has been pecked into shape but has not been polished; the bit is 

 steep and well polished, the cutting edge slightly convex. 



The third celt is a flat, angular specimen of hematite which has 

 been polished all over. It is 6.1 cm. long, 3.6 cm. wide, and 1.5 cm. 

 thick. The bit is steep and the cutting edge slightly convex. 



Full-grooved axes (pi. H, d). — Three full-grooved axes were 

 found, all made of hematite. Two are too fragmentary for accurate 

 description, but the third and smallest one is almost complete. It 

 is well smoothed and polished, and striations from the smoothing 

 abrasive are visible running laterally across both faces. It is a 

 single-bitted ax with a poll at one end and a very smooth groove 

 encircling the blade laterally. The groove is about 1.5 cm. wide, its 

 center being 5 cm. from the bit end and 2.3 cm. from the poll end. 

 Width at the poll end is 5.1 cm., and there is a slight taper from 

 groove to bit, width at the bit being 4.7 cm. The cutting edge is 



