pip. >fo!* 22Y* CORALVILLE RESERVOIR — CALDWELL 105 



also represent a single grouping, but a group that is characterized 

 by considerable complexity and variability (ibid., p. 101). "Satis- 

 factory identification of Lake Michigan pottery in the conical mounds 

 can be made only for MacDonald mound No. 4 and the Chapman 

 group, and the latter perhaps should be considered as a member 

 of the linear manifestation. No Hopewellian pottery was found in 

 the linears" (ibid., p. 108) . 



Bennett concludes that the Jo Daviess sites examined imply a cul- 

 tural mixture (ibid.). Specific Hopewellian influences are noted. 



The lack of complexity characteristic of the mounds excavated at 

 Sites 13JH3 and 13JH4 may be of significance. The conical mounds 

 and the single linear structure are basically similar in construction, 

 and seem to represent a common phenomenon. A single exception 

 is the stratified or laminated fill of mound No. 4, 13JH4. Such con- 

 struction is not common in either southern Wisconsin or northwestern 

 Illinois, but it is present in both regions, occurring with some com- 

 plexity in conical mounds of the Portage group (ibid., pp. 37, 38, 

 101). 



In Jo Daviess County, the Chapman group contains the simplest 

 and most distinctive of the conical mounds. They show "ceramic 

 features and other traits linking them to the linears" (ibid., p. 101). 

 Seven of the 9 traits outlined for the conical mounds of the Coral- 

 ville Reservoir occur in the 16-trait summary of the Chapman group 

 (ibid., pp. 72-73). Certain similarities, commensurate with the gen- 

 eralized nature of the structures involved (1-3, above), are prob- 

 ably of limited comparative value. Traits 5, 6, 7, and 8 perhaps are 

 of more significance. The presence of Lake Michigan pottery occurs 

 in common, although the inclusion of a partial pot is not present at 

 Coralville. It should be noted, however, that the sherds found in the 

 mound at 13JH3 were possibly introduced as old occupational debris. 

 Although greater quantities of included debris are implied for the 

 Chapman mounds, the presence of such fill as a constructional fea- 

 ture is of particular interest. Wliile this is not restricted to the 

 Chapman site, other Jo Daviess mounds are largely debrisless. 



Projectile points suggest a "Woodland" tie, but specific relation- 

 ships are not plain. Similarly, the limestone slabs of mound No. 6, 

 13JH4, represent an equally diffuse pattern. Fragments, or in some 

 cases slabs of stone, as distinguished from "altars" (McKern, 1928, 

 pp. 261-263), occur in varying association in the mounds of north- 

 western Illinois (Bennett, 1945, p. 107). No altars, as such, were 

 found at either Site 13JH3 or Site 13JH4, yet the limestone slabs 

 at these loci imply something similar. This pattern, perhaps, is more 

 specifically related to the limestone and sandstone inclusions at the 



