pip. ?fo!* 22]'"' CORALVILLE RESERVOIR — CALDWELL 113 



STRATIGRAPHY 



Two distinct strata are present (fig. 19) : 



A. The basal structure is composed of a fine yellow-brown loessic matrix con- 



taining a compact mass of interlocked limestone fragments. The latter 

 obviously represent roof fall. The limestone constituent of A was so 

 densely compacted that it proved impractical to excavate to the lower limits 

 of the stratum. A maximum depth of 8.5 feet was reached but only in 

 square Al. Stratum A forms a horizontal bed across the mouth of the cave 

 but rises abruptly toward the surface beneath the southwestern portion of 

 the shelter (squares El, Fl). This stratiun is not present within the cave 

 propei\ It extends only slightly into the southern portions of squares A2 

 and B2. Except squares C4 and D4, the overlying stratum B (below) 

 extends completely to the sloping bedrock cave floor. In the latter squares, 

 a matrix resembling stratum A is present, but closely cemented, and con- 

 taining frequent nodules of flint, fragments of charcoal, shell, and fire- 

 cracked rock. 



B. A gray-black organic matrix overlying stratum A and separated from it, in 



the northern and northeastern portions, by a slight but distinct uncon- 

 formity. Rodent disturbance is extreme, but does not extend beyond the 

 upper two-thirds of the deposit. Large tabular fragments of limestone, 

 reaching a maximum weight of 350 pounds (estimated), are frequent. 

 Fire-broken rock is abundant and general in distribution ; charcoal is scat- 

 tered. Stratum B is characterized by a generalized ash content. Dense 

 ash lenses are localized just within and adjacent to the mouth of the cave 

 proper as follows : 



1. Square E2, at depth 1.0 foot, and extending, aginst the slanting lime- 

 stone wall, to bedrock. 



2. Square C2 at 1.5-2.0 feet. 



3. Square B2, at the 4.5-foot level, a lense of yellow ash and charcoal 

 cemented into a dense mass. 



Stratum B represents a ceramic horizon with a minimal quantity of lithic 

 material present. Worked bone and antler are not common, but unmodi- 

 fied mammalian, piscine, and avian remains are exceedingly abundant (see 

 Appendixes). Much of the bone material is calcined and most is shattered 

 or fractured. There is a small but constant inclusion of shell throughout 

 the deposit. Stratum A has produced no definitive artifacts, but human 

 occupation is indicated by the presence of burned bone, charcoal, shell, and 

 fire-shattered stones. The nonartifact pattern is substantially that of B, 

 but less intense in occurrence. The exceedingly heavy rock fall of stratum 

 A suggests a period of somewhat increased precipitation resulting in more 

 apparent frost action. 



ARTIFACTS 



The artifact sample recovered from 13JH202 is small, although 

 much more substantial than that from other sites tested in the 

 reservoir. The following typological groupings are, in effect, a direct 

 consequence of the limited inventory. 



526583 — 61 10 



