214 



BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[Bull. 179 



second from right). The designs incised on the fetishes are more 

 easily pictured than described. Some of them are illustrated below. 



V 



I 



In nearly all cases red ocher had been rubbed into the designs. 

 Strangely enough, some of the chipped-stone fetishes had red ocher 

 rubbed into the notch, and at a site (35-WS-5) near The Dalles, 

 Oreg., a great many chipped-stone fetishes had been similarly treated. 

 Some explanation should be forthcoming. It can be shown that no 

 chipped-stone fetishes have been found in graves, and no polished- 

 stone fetishes have been found outside of them. Perhaps the latter 

 were reserved for burial furniture. 



There were two kinds of sandstone shaft smoothers found in the 

 graves (pi. 43, &). One was carefully made in block outline with a 

 diagonal groove. This type was from 15 to 22 cm. long and was made 

 of tuffaceous sandstone. The second type was made of fine sand- 

 stone, and was probably used by employing matched pairs and slid- 

 ing the shaft between the two. The groove was parallel to the long 

 axis, and this type was slightly smaller than the other. 



Among the objects made of bone and antler were several artifacts 

 that had not been found in other McNary sites. All of these things 

 had been reported by ethnologists as being typical artifacts of the 

 area, and most of them were seen by early travelers in the Plateau. 

 The antler digging-stick handle is one of these (pi. 43, a). It is a 

 curved tine with a hole bored through it at about the center. The 

 digging stick was passed through the hole, so that the antler served as 

 a sort of crutch handle. There is no explanation as to why an antler 

 tine was used. Three such handles were recovered from the graves. 



A bone fleshing tool, used for removing hair and flesh from hides, 

 was made from a long bone of deer or elk. The handle was smoothed 

 and one end was toothed like a small hand rake. Whistles were made 

 from the wing bones of the Golden Eagle in the form of a straight 

 tube with holes cut in the shaft (pi. 43, a, center). Numbers of teeth 

 and claws were used as ornaments. Elk teeth were drilled for suspen- 

 sion in the manner of those worn by members of a large fraternal 



