242 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BuU. 179 



Hobo Cave thus gives a sequence which follows the trends shown 

 by the projectile points in the McNary region. Relatively simple 

 points are replaced by notched points, and those are followed by a 

 sharp reduction in size. At the present time it is not possible to 

 demonstrate contemporaneity for the changes in both regions, but 

 European trade goods are associated only with the small projectile 

 points in each region. 



JOHN DAY RESERVOIR 



The Columbia River Valley between Hobo Cave and the McNary 

 Dam is within the limits of the proposed Jolin Day Reservoir. As 

 a potential reservoir, it was surveyed by River Basin Surveys in 1950. 

 Not very much was recovered in the way of material culture during 

 the survey since the area is subject to constant search by relic hunters. 

 However, 88 archeological sites were recorded and the surface col- 

 lections from those sites compared closely with materials from the 

 McNary region. The collections included many projectile points, net 

 weights, scrapers, hammers, and choppers. 



THE WAHLUKE SITE 



Upstream from the McNary region along the Columbia River, there 

 are several archeological sites that have been scientifically excavated 

 and reported. One of these is a site known as Wahluke, which was 

 excavated by Herbert Krieger (1928) in 1926. Wahluke was a village 

 of some 30 houses and a burial area. It is situated on the west bank 

 of the Columbia River about 60 air miles northwest of the Wallula 

 site. 



The Wahluke sit« was apparently of the late prehistoric period. 

 Although specimens of copper were recovered, Krieger identifies it as 

 native copper (ibid., p. 13). Nevertheless, the total artifact as- 

 semblage is clearly that of the late period just prior to European 

 influence. As in the case of the artifacts of The Dalles region, the 

 tools and ornaments common to all of the Plateau during the late 

 prehistoric are not listed; otherwise, table 4 gives a comparison of 

 the artifacts of Wahluke and the McNary region. 



The close similarity of the material culture of Wahluke to that of 

 the McNary region is apparent. Krieger's report does not give the 

 frequency of artifact types, but the illustrations clearly show the 

 similarities. Wliile he may not have recognized chipped-stone fetishes 

 as diagnostic artifacts, the polished-slate fetishes would have been 

 apparent. No one else in the Plateau seems to have recognized them 

 as artifacts, even when they were numerous in the region. The appear- 

 ance of elbow pipes in a prehistoric site is puzzling. Since Krieger 

 did not always make it clear which artifacts were recovered in situ 

 and which artifacts were merely typical of the region, it would be 



