CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Introduction 271 



The region 272 



The Indians 273 



Site stratigraphy 275 



The burials 278 



Artifacts with the burials 284 



Artifacts from the midden 288 



Artifacts from the surface 289 



Cremation pits 290 



Osteological and organic remains 292 



Previous work, discussion, and critique 293 



A final statement 300 



Speculations 300 



Bibliography 302 



Appendix 305 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



PLATES 

 (All plates follow page 306) 



47. a, View of 45-BN-55 (WSW) downriver before River Basin Surveys 



excavation. 6, Profile : stake 11 plus 5 feet, centerline to llRl plus 5 feet, 

 looking east. 



48. a, Burial 7, to the south. &, Burial 7, stratum IV, artifacts. 



49. a. Burial 4, to the east. 6, Burial 8, to the south. 



50. 0, Burial 17, to the north, h, Selected artifacts, burial 17, stratum IV. 



51. a. Burial 10, to the north, infant. &, Mortar, pestles, and mallet pestle handle. 



52. a. Projectile points and blades, burial associations. &, Bone objects from 



the burials. 



53. a, Choppers, hammerstones, digging tools from the general site fill. 6, Net 



sinkers and large flakes, and a chopper. 



54. Miscellaneous stone artifacts and shell piece. 



55. a. Chipped and ground stone from the cremation pits, all showing fire action. 



6, Cremation Pit 1, bone and antler pieces, aU calcined. 

 58. Three Columbia Basin projectile-point types. 



FIGURES 



FAOB 



41. Map of Sheep Island showing location of excavation area 270 



42. Profiles of deposits in Sheep Island excavation pits 274 



43. Diagram of the excavation at Site 45-BN-55 277 



269 



526583—61 21 



