280 



BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[BxilL 179 



Table 2, prepared by Heglar, gives sex and age of the burials. 

 There are 18 burials, including 3 of Garth's. 



Table 2. — Burials, age, and sex 



Age 



Male 



Female 



Total 



Percent 



Infant (B-3 yrs.) 



Child (4-6 yrs.) 



Child (7-12 yrs.) 



Adolescent (13-17 yrs.)-.. 



Subadult (18 20 yrs.) 



Young adult (21-35 yrs.). 

 Middle aged (36-55 yrs.) . 



Old aged (56-76 yrs.) 



Others... 



27.8 



16.7 

 5.6 

 6.6 



44.6 



Total. 



100.0 



' Burials Nos. 6 and 13 are omitted. 



A few remarks categorizing the burial complex as we see it are in 

 order. Orientation is prevailingly (even among the infants) south- 

 west. Garth records this as west and the actual result is the same: 

 the heads lay downstream, as the Columbia, here, flows slightly 

 south of west. Garth records one burial with a southeasterly orienta- 

 tion; the River Basin Surveys crew removed three northeasterly 

 ones. The former is not readily explainable; the latter three would 

 appear to be simply a reversal of the burial bundle by attendants 

 who went absently about their business. Heavy swatliing, probably 

 a mat, is an inferred culture trait; it would obscure the bodily 

 features of a burial bundle. 



Semiflexure is the preferred burial type. This contrasts with pre- 

 sumably earlier extended burials at 45-BN-15 (Crabtree, 1957) and 

 later more fully flexed post-cremation ones at 45-BN-3 (Osborne, 

 1957). Artifacts were usual. Of the eight infants and children in 

 Garth's and our series, four had nonperishable artifacts. The propor- 

 tion with respect to sex is about the same as with the adults : 5 males 

 of 11 and 2 females of 5. With the surprising exception of burial 10 

 (pis. 51, a/ 51, &, ^7), shell gifts were preferred for the very young. 

 The pestle killed by breaking into three pieces is a usual culture trait 

 in later trade times, although not usually seen with infants. Dentalia 

 and a single shell pendant, rectangular, with three holes along one 

 side and one on the other (pi. 54, 68), were the other nonperishable 

 artifacts with infants. The body was usually laid on the back, or 

 back with the legs directed to one side. This position was more obvi- 

 ous with the infants, although adults were usually partly on the 

 back; the semiflexure caused a distortion. One prone burial (No. 

 17) is unusual in this, as in other aspects. It is possible that the 

 individual's death by violence is associated with his unorthodox burial 

 position. Probable matting remnants, bark, evidences of fire, and 

 presence of pits as an aspect of the graves all give hints as to the 

 burial pattern. Fronto-lambdoidal and fronto-occipital deformation 



