pjp. n""2^4T sheep island — OSBORNE, BRYAN, CRABTREE 291 



ture. The data which we have should, however, be offered and added 

 to that of Garth's (1952). Plate 55 illustrates the categories of ma- 

 terial which we screened from the remnants of the cremation pits or 

 found, obviously subjected to fire, nearby. They may be presumed, 

 for archeological purposes, to be from a cultural unit. The division 

 of the remnants of cremation pit 1 into two layers proved unnecessary. 



Projectile-point-preferred materials were obviously basalt and opal- 

 ite. From the meager collection it would appear that stemmed forms 

 were largely restricted to basalt and obsidian, while oval and larger 

 blades (which may or may not have been stemmed) were of opalite, 

 jasper, chalcedony, etc. Opalite, of course, is not tolerant of the high 

 temperatures which in no wise injure the basalt. Hence the latter may 

 be overstressed here. 



Descriptions are to be found in the lengthy captions accompanying 

 plate 55, which illustrates most of the objects found in the pit rem- 

 nants. Specific information concerning the projectile points can be 

 found in table 3. 



The oval points and the diagonal or square-notched points with 

 various stems and side curvatures, in basalt or cryptocrystallines, are 

 what Osborne now regards as an "upper middle" in the Middle Co- 

 lumbia projectile points developmental sequence. These varieties 

 lasted into the modem period and are, in even small collections, found 

 with the late highly refined and symmetrical points with deep basal 

 or corner notches, smootlily incurvate sides and parallel-sided or ex- 

 panding stems. 



The hole in the slate piece (/1 12) is biconically drilled. The bone 

 items are nondescript. The parallel, usually encircling grooves or 

 cuts on several pieces is the only decorative form shown (cf. /1 12, 

 pi. 55, a). Both working objects — antler wedges, projectile points, 

 awls, needle or skewer — and personal decoration pieces — beads and 

 combs, pendants or bracelets — are represented. 



Ninety-six plain bird-bone beads, of the types of /122, plate 55, 5, 

 form the major part of the artifact recovery from the cremation pit 

 remnants. Eighteen dentalium shells or fragments and one olivella 

 fragment complete the shell inventory. A piece of hematite 

 (BN'-55/147), crumbly and solidified by fused sand but otherwise un- 

 altered, appears to have been an included paint offering. 



The great heat of the fires is evidenced in a number of ways. Large 

 pieces of cryptocrystalline were thoroughly altered to a splintery 

 light-gray material indicating that they had been held at red heat 

 for a few moments. Bones were warped and lumps of sand several 

 inches in diameter were fused. One such piece, found on the surface, 

 had fused within or beneath a burning fabric, possibly a fine coiled 

 basket. Distortion of the semimolten sand has been sufficient, unfor- 

 tunately, so that it is not possible to certainly diagnose the piece. 



