APPENDIX 



A tiial binomial description of certain widely spread chipped items 

 of the Plateau is offered. Perhaps, if useful, it will stimulate further 

 work of this kind. 



WALLULA RECTANGULAR-STEMMED 



(PI. 56, top row) 



Outline: Triangular. 



Cross section: Lens or planoconvex. 



Edges: Straight or convex. 



Base: Partial to complete shoulder notches or corner removal giving a more or 

 less rectangular or slightly expanding stem. 



Lengths: Approximately 2.0 cm. to 4.0 cm. 



Widths: Approximately 1.0 cm. to 1.5 cm. 



Thickness: 0.15 cm. to 0.5 cm. 



L-W indices: 25-G9. 



Weights: 0.5 gm.-2.1 gm. 



Material: Jaspers and chalcedonies generally preferred, basalt the preferred 

 material at 45-BN-55. 



Technique: Well controlled pressure flaking ; commonly specimens of this type 

 are semiunifaced. 



Function: Projectile point, presumably with bow and arrow. 



Oeographical range: Specimens Illustrated which seem to conform to this type: 

 Chief Joseph (Osborne, Crabtree, and Bryan, 1952, fig. 110 i, v, and aa) ; Up- 

 per Rockshelter (Mills and Osborne, 1952, fig. 107 o, u ,z) ; Dalles-Deschutes 

 (Strong, Schenck, and Steward, 1930, pis. 14, a-g, 15, a-m). The descrip- 

 tion offered here is based on a series of 44 from the Pot Holes site near 

 Trinidad, North-central Washington (Crabtree, MS., 1957) and 17 from 

 45-BN-55. Specimens illustrated in the Upper Columbia report (Collier, 

 Hudson, and Ford, 1942) do not seem to conform to this series close enough 

 to include them at the present time. 



Historical range: All of the specimens from the Pot Holes site are associated 

 with burials which have trade items of nonaboriginal manufacture 

 (copper) ; the series from BN-55 is from definitely prehistoric horizons. It 

 would seem then that this type flourished as a late Prehistoric to Early 

 Historic type. Indications are, however, that it has a long history in the 

 Plateau and possibly in adjacent areas. 



Remarks: The Pot Holes series is a much neater, coherent series than the 

 smaller BN-55 one. The relationship of this type to the earlier Rabbit 

 Island Stemmed (Crabtree, MS., 1957) has been suggested. The series 

 illustrated in The Dalles-Deschutes report seems, in part, to bridge the gap 

 between this type and the tentatively suggested Middle Columbia Basal- 

 Notched. Presumably Wallula Rectangular-Stemmed is closely related to 

 the Middle Columbia Basal-Notched. They are certainly partly con- 

 temporaneous and both are popularly included under the term "Columbia 

 River Jewel Points" because of their flne workmanship and the colorful 

 chalcedonies and agates of which they are made. 



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