HEWETTJ ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEMEZ PLATEAU 35 



the Chama river at a point known as ' 'La Pnenta," about 3 miles below 

 Abiquiu. It was visited l^y Yarrow in 1874 and briefly described 

 by him. '^ Some valuable observations are made in his report, though 

 the present wTiter finds it impossible to agree with some of the most 

 important of them. It should be remembered that the latter's 

 studies at the site occurred thirty-one years later when the ruin was 

 in a much more advanced stage of decay, and the probabilities of 

 inaccuracy were consequently much greater than in Doctor Yarrow's 

 time. However, this could not possibly account for the great differ- 

 ence in dimensions that will be noted on comparing the two plans of 

 the ruins. The site was visited and described '' by Bandelier also in 

 1880. This pueblo covered a larger area than any other in the imme- 

 diate vicinity of the Chama, with the exception of site no. 32. In the 

 opinion of the author it 



was an adobe structure ^ , y 



with about the same <™, i^ t^'' ,^^ ^ 



amount of rubble in the ^ \.\ ^ ' \ "^^ 



foundations that the .t'' "• "^s, "^ ^ ° 



modem Tewa use in the \ 



construction of their "■■ ^ "^% , 



houses. Yarrow and " '' . " 



S^ 



->^ 



,,s 



Bandelier represent this "o 



pueblo as exceeding a \ '^'^ ^ \ •^b''^^ 



single story in height; 'vN^. '^V ^''^■< y * 



Yarrow suggests two, ^""^ Q "'v- 



Bandelier two to three ^ ^ , , 



Fig. 18. — Ground plan of KwcngyrtUinge. 



stories. The amount of 



debris does not seem to justify these conclusions with which the waiter 

 of this paper can not agree. The mound is very low and the pueblo 

 was not built of material that would be carried away by subsequent set- 

 tlers, as was often done where stone was used. Moreover, the' method 

 of using adobe was the primitive one of increasing the height of wall by 

 the addition of successive layers of mud held in place by a box-like sup- 

 port of wattle work, two upright parallel surfaces set and fastened just 

 far enough apart to give the required thickness of wall. Adobe work 

 of this kind was not sufficiently stable for walls more than one story 

 high unless made of greater tliickness than in the case of any of the 

 adobe pueblos of this region. In addition to the small amount of 

 debris the great length of the various sections of this village would 

 indicate that the builders had not mastered their material to a suffi- 

 cient extent to enable them to erect a many-storied building, as they 

 could do with stone, or even with adobe after learning the art of 

 making the latter into bricks. An interesting constructive feature 



« Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1875, p. 1064. 



b Papers of Archseologieal Institute of America, American series, part ii, p. 56, Cambridge, Mass., 

 1884. 



