hewett] 



ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEMEZ PLATEAU 



47 



\o. 44- Astialahwa. — Aii interestino; o;roup of ruined buildings is 

 situated on the high and almost inaccessible promontory, a mesa rem- 

 nant, overlooking the ruin at the confluence of the east and west 

 branches of Jemez creek, just described. The ruins stand a short dis- 

 tance back fi'om the front of the ])romontory and near the brink of the 

 cliffs on the west side (fig. 28, h). The walls are of unhewn stone, and 

 bear ^evidence of hurried and apparently incomplete construction, 

 there being a notable absence of debris of any kind. Traces of mortar 

 occur in the walls, and a little plaster still remains on the interior sur- 

 faces. The walls are in no place more than five or six feet in height. 

 The buildings are in a number of groups, as indicated roughly in the 

 sketch. . . . There can be little doubt that this village was 

 built at the period of Spanish encroachment by the people of the vil- 

 lages below as a place of refuge and defense, and it was here, accord- 

 ing to historical accounts, that they were defeated by the Spaniards 

 and compelled to descend to the lowlands. . . . 



Fig. 28.— Ground plan of a, Patokwa, and b, Astialakwa. 



It is an interesting fact that along the margins of the precipice are 

 traces of defensive works built of stone. 



No. 43. Giusewa. — A ruined pueblo of considerable importance is 

 situated at Jemez Hot Springs, twelve miles above Jemez pueblo. At 

 present the chief feature of interest on this site is the ruin of a Spanish 

 church, with its heavy walls and fortress-like tower. It has been con- 

 structed of materials derived from the immediate vicinity. The tower 

 and upper parts are of the impure friable limestones of the promon- 

 tory against which the foundatfons are built. The lower end of the 

 church and the walled enclosure extend down to the border of the 

 arroyo, and the latter has been built of heterogeneous materials. The 

 adobe mortar has been made from the debris of ancient house sites and 

 is fidl of fragments of pottery, obsidian chips, and charcoal. . . . 



