32 



BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[bull. 35 



addition, I saw many baskets or fragments of baskets ; also prayer-plumes and 

 plume-sticks. Sneh remains indicate that their makers were in no manner 

 different from the Pueblo Indians in general culture. 



No. 4- Cliff -dwellings. — These ruins are on the headwaters of the 

 Gila river, near Hot springs; they are accessible from Silver City. 



2. PUEBLO VIEJO VALLEY 



Lying south of the eastern portion of the White Mountain reserva- 

 tion in Arizona, in townships 24 to 28 east and 6 and 7 south, is the 

 broad and fertile Pueblo Viejo valley, through which flows the Gila. 



Fig. 2. Cliff-dwelling, West fork of the Gila. 



The ruins of the valley, which are mainly situated on the level alluvial 

 lands of the river, consist, as a rule, of a central edifice, surrounded 

 by smaller structures. They are built usually of mud, the low T er 

 walls having a core of water-worn bowlders with upright wooden 

 stakes at intervals, showing that a lighter structure supporting the 

 roof was continued above the basal story. As in many other sections 

 of the Southwest, the ruins are frequently oriented to the northeast. 

 Owing to the fact that this valley was early settled by white men, 

 the ruins have become almost obliterated, incident to the grading of 



Bandelier, Final Report, pt. n, Papers of Archaeological Institute of America, Am. 

 series, iv, 360-362. 



