hough] 



ANTIQUITIES OF GILA-SALT VALLEYS 



G3 



Accompanying the remains were fragments of deer bones and rude 

 flint chips. These remains, together with the presence of semisub- 

 terranean houses, render this valley and the neighboring Luna valley 

 extremely interesting to the archeologist. 



Los Lentes valley, except on the south, is particularly isolated, and 

 it is here that one would expect to find remains of a tribe or tribes 

 left unhindered to pursue a normal development, in the ruder stages 

 depending for subsistence chiefly on game and at a later stage, with 

 a knowledge of the agriculture of maize, using this cereal as an 

 economical basis of support. The remains show, however, that the 

 ruder pit-dwelling tribes of the valley were superseded by tribes from 

 the south, who built rectangular pueblos of stone. 



No. 74. Village site. — At the head of Stevens cienaga, 2 miles west 

 of Spur ranch, on a sandy point of a ridge sloping down to the level 

 sagebrush land, is a ruin eon- 



iSTOMC rtUlU 



'''t,. '''■■■; 



f -°/?fSS(O n 



. ''"<■ 



■'In. 





''<■'': 



'flu, 



%.. 



sisting of numerous circular 

 depressions distributed over a 

 large area of graded ground. 

 No building stone was em- 

 ployed here, but much earth 

 debris intermingled with arti- 

 facts covers the site. Frag- 

 ments of brown, cream-color, 

 gray, and coiled pottery, to- 

 gether with obsidian and chert, 

 were found scattered over the 

 ruin, and among these are 

 masses of burnt clay, bearing 

 impressions of roof material. 

 About 120 yards to the north- 

 west of the ruin is a rectangu- 

 lar structure of four rooms; this is situated among the pine trees, and 

 no fragments of pottery are to be found around it. 



No. 75. Pueblo. — On the border of the Stevens cienaga, 1 mile west 

 of Spur ranch, there is a rather large rectangular stone pueblo situ- 

 ated on a terrace above the spring in the cienaga. It consists of a 

 cluster of contiguous rooms partly on level ground and partly on the 

 slope of the terrace. Adjoining it is a circular depression 50 feet 

 in diameter, and to the south are two detached houses, each containing 

 several rooms. 



On the west and southwest sides of the pueblo are graves, the cen- 

 tral portion of this cemetery being used for the burial of children. 

 During the excavations here several circular semisubtevranean houses 

 (like those of no. 74) were discovered. 



Fig. 27. Plan of ruin, at head of Stevens cienaga, 

 showing pit-houses and grading. 



