72 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 35 



group of large ruins on the ranch of Mr. H. S. Delgar, a short dis- 

 tance below Joseph, is of great interest. This group consists of 

 four rectangular stone pueblos of the compact type and a rectangular 

 kiva with approaches like those found on the Blue river. At the 

 S. U. ranch one very large ruin has the appearance of a Mexican 

 pyramid standing prominently on a terrace above the fields. In the 

 gorge above Old Fort Tularosa is a cave formerly having a series of 

 rooms across its opening ; smaller ruins are noticed as far as the head 

 of the river and on the various branches. Among them may be men- 

 tioned the ruin at Gallo spring, an ancient pueblo situated in a rincon 

 of the Gallo mountains. The spring has furnished a great number of 

 votive offerings of miniature pieces of pottery. 



Mr. Henry Hales, of Ridgewood, N. J., explored the Tularosa 

 canyon in 1888. A portion of his collection — objects of stone, shell, 

 and other material- — found its way into the National Museum in 1895 

 (cat. nos. 1T0528-170572). A number of excellent pieces of pottery 

 which formed a portion of the Hales collection were secured from 

 Mrs. Lander, of Kansas. The remainder of the Hales collection 

 was purchased by Mr. George G. Heye, of New York. The large 

 collection of Mr. W. J. Andrus, of Hackensack, N. J., completes, so 

 far as known, the list of notable finds from this locality. 



No. 97. Cave. — In the upper box canyon of San Francisco river, a 

 short distance below Reserve post-office, Socorro county, N. Mex., 

 there is a cave, which has not been explored, but is reported to show 

 evidence of human occupancy. 



No. 98. Pueblos. — These ruins are found near Reserve, and con- 

 sist of a group of three at the Cooper place one-half mile northwest, 

 and a group of the same number at the Higgins place, lh miles north- 

 west of the town. North of Reserve one-half mile is a smaller ruin, 

 and others occur on points of land in the vicinity. The ruins are 

 invariably situated on rounded, sedimentary terraces; they are rec- 

 tangular and contain each from 4 to 23 rather large rooms. The 

 walls are laid up with river bowlders and thin slabs of rock. One 

 wall, exposed by curiosity seekers, is constructed of bowlders and 

 white slabs arranged in alternate bands. Many of the lower rooms 

 are below the present surface of the ground and may have been so con- 

 structed designedly by the builders. 



The ruins were rich in artifacts, but these have been removed by 

 speculators in relics, who demolished the ruins in the process. The 

 only objects, so far as known, that have been preserved in museums 

 are those secured in 1885 by Mr. E. W. Nelson for the National 

 Museum collection. ( Cat. nos. 76224-76239, 98134-98725, and 115847- 

 115858.) 



" On Sehliess and Lagit creeks there are said to be important ruins which may be 

 reached from Reserve post-office. 



