92 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Boll. 192 



as on the specimen from Old Town I and the other from Diyaguna'st. 

 (However, cf. Keithahn, 1962, fig. 1, d, f, g.) Chugach adzes are 

 similar in style to those of Yakut at, for they include many with 

 several grooves, knobs, or ridges for lashing. There are also several 

 with narrowed butts, and a number of grooveless specimens like the 

 one from Diyaguna'Et (de Laguna, 1956, pp. 111-117). Blades 

 with one or two grooves and with one to three ridges, as well as some 

 large grooveless forms (large planing adz blades?), are also known 

 from Kodiak (Hrdlicka, 1944, pp. 333, 343, fig. 113; Heizer, 1956, 

 p. 44). In general. Pacific Eskimo splitting adzes have the hafting 

 groove or grooves placed near the center of the blade, and this is 

 also true of the Tena specimens from the Yukon (de Laguna, 1947, 

 pi. x). The blades from Yakutat and most of those from the North- 

 west Coast, including those from Angoon (de Laguna, 1960, pi. 5, 

 a, 6), have the grooves nearer to the butt. This is also the style of 

 specimens from southwestern Yukon Territory (Southern Tutchone?) 

 (MacNeish, 1960, pi. vi, figs. 1-3). Drucker (1943, p. 120) has 

 commented on the poor finish on Tlingit specimens, an observation 

 which would apply equally well to Chugach blades and to most of 

 those from Yakutat. 



On the Northwest Coast, the splitting adz seems to be virtually 

 confined to the Tlingit, Tsimshian, and Haida, despite two specimens 

 from the Bella Coola and two fragments from northern Kwakiutl 

 territory (Drucker, 1943, p. 120). It was not reported ethnologically 

 south of the northernmost Kwakiutl, although Drucker (1950, Trait 

 419, p. 255) feels that "its southern limit is not certain." In south- 

 western Alaska it appeared first in the early prehistoric period in 

 Prince William Sound, but evidently became more numerous in later 

 times. It was not found until late Kachemak Bay III on Cook Inlet 

 and is probably restricted to the late upper (Koniag) levels on Kodiak, 

 and was never adopted by the Aleut. While not uncommon in the 

 Tanana and Yukon valleys, it occiu-s only sporadically among the 

 Eskimo north of the Alaska Peninsula (de Laguna, 1947, p. 154; 1956, 

 pp. 263 ff.; Heizer, 1956, p. 44). Birket-Smith (1953, p. 220) 

 cautiously concurs in the opinion that the grooved splitting adz is 

 a relatively late specialization from a heavy but ungi-ooved planing 

 adz, a development which probably took place on the northern 

 Northwest Coast. 



AXES 



There are two stone ax blades (pi. 5, e, i), grooved like splitting 

 adz blades, but with the cutting edge in a plane parallel to the handle. 

 One was found in Old Town III, the other just above the floor of the 

 Storage House in Old Town II. The first appears to have been 



