de Lagunn] ARCHEOLOGY, YAKUT AT BAY AREA, ALASKA 107 



Five stone blades could have I)eeii used for ulos or for ulo-shaped 

 scrapers. The only example of a ground slate blade of this kind is a 

 fragment from the lower part of the midden at Diyaguna'Et. A 

 greenstone blade from Old Town III (pi. 9, c), 11.6 by 7.4 cm., is 

 well worn along the curved edge and on the surfaces as if it had been 

 used to soften skins. Two specimens of green slate with chipped edges 

 (pi, 9, a) are obviously unfinished. They are about 18 cm. long and 

 9.7 cm. wide, and come from Old Town II and I. An oval scraper 

 from Old Town II, measures 13.2 by 6.4 cm. A partially worked 

 semilunar piece of shale (pi. 9, h) from Old Town II may also be an 

 unfinished scraper. 



The two ulo-shaped chipped slate blades resemble chipped slate 

 specimens from Prince William Sound, Kachemak Bay, and Kodiak, 

 chiefly from the earlier periods, which may have been for a special 

 kind of ulo or a scraper, or may have been simply unfinished (de 

 Laguna, 1956, p. 151; Heizer, 1956, pp. 48 f.). 



Lastly, there are five rather narrow, rectangular chipped stone slabs 

 or flakes (fig. 11, c, d, h), which appear to have been used as scrapers, 

 or perhaps as knives. One long edge, showing signs of use, is slightly 

 curved, suggesting that these specimens might have been classed 

 with the ulo-shaped scrapers. Two are from Old Town III, one from 

 Old Town II, and two from Old Town I. The last (fig. 11, c), from 

 Old Town III, may have been used as a saw to cut stone or hard bone. 



Several fragments of worked greenstone, chert, and other rock, 

 which might have been used as scrapers, are too uncertain to be listed 

 here. 



The paddle-shaped scrapers from Old Town are paralleled by speci- 

 mens from both early and late prehistoric Chugach sites, although 

 the latter have longer and more slender tangs (de Laguna, 1956, pp. 

 131-135). There are some similar scrapers from Kachemak Bay III, 

 although these are of ground slate (de Laguna, 1934, pi. 34, 5, 9). 

 While chipped paddle-shaped slate blades come from Kodiak, es- 

 pecially from the lower levels at Uyak Bay, they are much larger, and 



Figure 11. — Knives and scrapers. Drawn by Donald F. McGeein. a, Knife or weapon 

 blade, chipped chert, from Mound B, lower levels. Old Town II (No. 315); b, knife or 

 weapon blade, chipped slate, from Mound B, upper levels, Old Town III (No. 96); c, 

 rectangular scraper or saw, sandy schist, from Surface Pit 6, Mound B, upper levels. Old 

 Town III (No. 11); d, rectangular scraper, igneous rock, from Mound D, upper levels, 

 Old Town I (No. 889); e, paddle-shaped scraper, slate, from Mound B, lower levels, Old 

 Town II (No. 325);/, copper scraper for hemlock bark, from Diyaguna'Et (No. Dy/2); 

 g, double-edged knife blade, schist, from Surface Pit 6, Mound B, upper levels. Old Town 

 III (No. 82); h, rectangular scraper, slate, from Mound B, lower levels. Old Town II 

 (No. 359); i, paddle-shaped scraper, slate, from Mound B, upper levels, Old Town III 

 (No. 231); y, paddle-shaped scraper, schist, from fill of House Pit 1, Old Town III (No. 

 520). 



