184 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 175 



in a bathtub (cremation?) but when he went nearer, to examine it, he realized 

 that it was really a man. Because this man had (long) hair and whiskers, 

 E. S. thought the man was Jesus. This man then talked in a language which 

 E. S. did not understand. After narrating this (second) dream first, E. S. 

 proceeded to tell me a dream which he had had several days earlier and which 

 concerned his deceased parents. Only then did he tell me the first dream of the 

 previous night, which had something to do with his father's cremation. In other 

 words, E. S. was unable to report first the key dream, which revealed that the 

 core of this entire dream series was the cannibalization of his dead father's 

 corpse. Instead, he had to work himself up to the telling of the key dream 

 by degrees. Such evasive maneuvers are quite common, not only in the psycho- 

 therapy of members of the occidental culture area, but also in that of "primitives" 

 (Devereux, 1951 a). 



The various ghost diseases known to the Mohave (pt. 4, passim) are, 

 in a genuine sense, also soul loss diseases, which, among many North 

 American tribes (Hultkrantz, 1953), are believed to cause insanity. 

 Among the Mohave, the concept of soul loss appears to be applied 

 chiefly to depressions and to anorexias, whose relationship to true 

 depressions was convincingly demonstrated by Gero (1953). In fact, 

 one is tempted to say that the "ethnic psychosis" (Devereux, 1956 b) of 

 the Mohave appears to be depression (including anorexia and suicide), 

 which perfectly dovetails with their cyclothymic disposition (Kroeber, 

 1925 a, Devereux, 1939 b). This finding proves once more that so- 

 called "culture and personality studies" which fail to take into accoimt 

 the characteristic ethnic neuroses and psychoses obtaining in a given 

 group are incomplete both psychologically and anthropologically. 



moua:v hahnok 



Tlie moua:v hahnok (relatives, disease from, or relatives, con- 

 tamination by) illness was not mentioned by the informants at the 

 time when psychiatric disorders were investigated, which explains 

 why relatively little is known about it. It was mentioned by Tcatc, 

 when she listed the disorders Anyay Ha :m (light passing; also called 

 Amat IIu :dhap — earth rent or torn and I-lyi, the latter being a dis- 

 tortion of his English name) of th Hipa: gens was qualified to cure.'^ 



Tcatc's statement (193S). — Anyay Ha :m could cure hisa :hk (=body sores), 

 hikwi:r (pt. 4, pp. 117-128), hu:the:rv (colds and pneumonia), and moua :v 

 hahnok (relatives, contamination by). [What is this last disease?] Sometimes 

 a man who lost his brother (which is a severe emotional blow (cf. pt. 7, pp. 

 459-484) ), dreams that the soul of the deceased returns to earth and goes around 

 the way he used to do when he was still alive. Then, when the surviving brother 

 wakes up, he grieves so constantly over his brother's death that he may not even 

 be able to eat, from lack of appetite. ( For other data on Anyay Ha :m, see Cases 

 42,43, and 104), 



V This witch Is mentioned In Cases 42, 43, and 104. 



